@SDWebImage提供一个UIImageView的类别以支持加载来自网络的远程图片。具有缓存管理、异步下载、同一个URL下载次数控制和优化等特征.
它提供了:
- 添加网络图像和缓存管理到Cocoa Touch framework的UIImageView类别
- 异步图像下载
- An asynchronous memory + disk image caching with automatic cache expiration handling
- 支持GIF动画
- 支持WebP格式
- 后台图像解压
- 保证相同的url不会下载多次
- 保证伪造的URL不会尝试一遍又一遍的下载
- 保证主线程永远不会被阻塞
- Performances!
- 使用GCD和ARC
@SDWebImage的导入
1.https://github.com/rs/SDWebImage 下载SDWebImage开源包
2.将类包拖入工程,再导入MapKit.framework、ImageIO.framework两个框架
3.SDWebImage是支持ARC的,在MRC的工程中要注意,可参考MRC工程配置ARC
4.注意:SDWebImage 3.0不向后兼容2.0并且最低需要iOS 5.0 的版本,而且提供的方法多数是Blcok形式
@目前来说,主要用到了"UIImageView+WebCache.h",给出一个代码示例:
它是UIImageView的一个类目,在要使用它的类中加入#import "UIImageView+WebCache.h",调用 setImageWithURL:placeholderImage:方法。从异步下载到缓存管理，一切都会为你处理。
@得到1个图片的url用SDWebImage缓存后的文件名
NSLog(@"%s__%d__|%@",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__,[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache] cachedFileNameForKey:@"http://c.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/w%3D2048/sign=396e9d640b23dd542173a068e531b2de/cc11728b4710b9123a8117fec1fdfc039245226a.jpg"]); 对于不可见的ImageView取消图片的异步加载
- (void)prepareForReuse
{
[super prepareForReuse];
[_imageView cancelCurrentImageLoad];
}非必要情况下，避免使用SDWebImageManager
SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];
[manager downloadWithURL:imageURL
options:0
progress:^(NSInteger receivedSize, NSInteger expectedSize)
{
// progression tracking code
}
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished)
{
if (image)
{
// do something with image
}
}];[_imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]
placeholderImage:nil
options:0
progress:^(NSInteger receivedSize, NSInteger expectedSize) {
[weakSelf.downloadProgressLabel setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d%%",(int)(receivedSize*100/expectedSize)]];
}
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {
_downloadProgressLabel.hidden = YES;
}];如何使用
API 文档地址 http://hackemist.com/SDWebImage/doc/。
Using UIImageView+WebCache category with UITableView
仅需引入 UIImageView+WebCache.h头文件，在UITableViewDataSource的方法tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath:中调用setImageWithURL:placeholderImage:方法。从异步下载到缓存管理，一切都会为你处理。#import <SDWebImage/UIImageView+WebCache.h>
...
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
static NSString *MyIdentifier = @"MyIdentifier";
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:MyIdentifier];
if (cell == nil)
{
cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault
reuseIdentifier:MyIdentifier] autorelease];
}
// Here we use the new provided setImageWithURL: method to load the web image
[cell.imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.domain.com/path/to/image.jpg"]
placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder.png"]];
cell.textLabel.text = @"My Text";
return cell;
}Using blocks
使用blocks，你将被告知下载进度，完成时是成功还是失败：
// Here we use the new provided setImageWithURL: method to load the web image
[cell.imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.domain.com/path/to/image.jpg"]
placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder.png"]
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {... completion code here ...}];Using SDWebImageManager
The SDWebImageManager is the class behind the UIImageView+WebCache category. It ties the asynchronous downloader with the image cache store. You can use this class directly to benefit from web image downloading with caching in another context than a UIView (ie: with Cocoa)
下面是如何使用SDWebImageManager的代码：
SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];
[manager downloadWithURL:imageURL
options:0
progress:^(NSUInteger receivedSize, long long expectedSize)
{
// progression tracking code
}
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType)
{
if (image)
{
// do something with image
}
}];
Using Asynchronous Image Downloader Independently
也能够独立地使用异步图像下载：
[SDWebImageDownloader.sharedDownloader downloadImageWithURL:imageURL
options:0
progress:^(NSUInteger receivedSize, long long expectedSize)
{
// progression tracking code
}
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSData *data, NSError *error, BOOL finished)
{
if (image && finished)
{
// do something with image
}
}];
Using Asynchronous Image Caching Independently
也可以独立地使用基于异步的图像缓存存储。SDImageCache维护一个内存缓存和一个可选的磁盘缓存。磁盘高速缓存的写操作是异步进行的，所以它不会给UI增加不必要的延迟 。
为了方便，SDImageCache类提供了一个单例，但是如果你想创建单独的缓存命名空间你也可以创建新的实例。
你可以使用imageForKey:方法来查找缓存，如果返回为nil，说明当前图像不拥有缓存。因此你负责生成并缓存它。缓存键（cache key）是一个程序中图像缓存的唯一标识符，他通常是图像的url。
SDImageCache *imageCache = [SDImageCache.alloc initWithNamespace:@"myNamespace"];
[imageCache queryDiskCacheForKey:myCacheKey done:^(UIImage *image)
{
// image is not nil if image was found
}];
默认情况下，如果一个图像不能在内存缓存中找到，SDImageCache将会查找高速缓存。你可以调用替代的方法imageFromMemoryCacheForKey:来预防这种情况的发生。
存储一个图像到缓存，你可以使用storeImage:forKey: 方法：
[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache] storeImage:myImage forKey:myCacheKey];
默认情况下，图像将被存储在内存上的缓存以及磁盘上的缓存（异步）。如果你想只在内存中缓存，使用替代
方法storeImage:forKey:toDisk:，第三个参数为负数。
SDImageCache缓存图片
[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache]clearDisk];
[[SDImageCache sharedImageCache]clearMemory];// Subscribe to app events
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(clearMemory)
name:UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(cleanDisk)
name:UIApplicationWillTerminateNotification
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(backgroundCleanDisk)
name:UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification
object:nil];[SDImageCache sharedImageCache].maxCacheAge = 1 * 24 * 60 * 60; // 1 daystatic const NSInteger kDefaultCacheMaxCacheAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7; // 1 week通过SDImageCacheType判断图片来源
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, SDImageCacheType) {
/**
* The image wasn't available the SDWebImage caches, but was downloaded from the web.
*/
SDImageCacheTypeNone,
/**
* The image was obtained from the disk cache.
*/
SDImageCacheTypeDisk,
/**
* The image was obtained from the memory cache.
*/
SDImageCacheTypeMemory
};//other code
completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {
_imageView.alpha = 0;
if (cacheType == SDImageCacheTypeNone){
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^{
_imageView.alpha = 1;
}];
}
}];
Using cache key filter
有时你也许不想使用图像URL作为缓存键，因为URL可能是动态的(i.e.: for access control purpose)。SDWebImageManager provides a way to set a cache key filter that takes the NSURL as input, and output a cache key NSString。
下面的示例在应用程序的委托中设置一个过滤器，在使用它的缓存键之前将从URL中删除任何查询字符串（The following example sets a filter in the application delegate that will remove any query-string from the URL before to use it as a cache key）：
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
SDWebImageManager.sharedManager.cacheKeyFilter:^(NSURL *url)
{
url = [[[NSURL alloc] initWithScheme:url.scheme host:url.host path:url.path] autorelease];
return [url absoluteString];
};
// Your app init code...
return YES;
}Using dynamic image size with UITableViewCell
UITableView通过第一个单元格设置的图像决定图像的尺寸。如果您的远程图像没有图像占位符的大小相同，您可能会遇到奇怪的变形缩放问题。下面的文章给出了一个方法来解决这个问题： http://www.wrichards.com/blog/2011/11/sdwebimage-fixed-width-cell-images/
Handle image refresh（控制图像刷新）
默认情况下，SDWebImage确实非常积极的缓存。它忽略了所有类型的通过HTTP服务器返回的缓存控制头，并且没有时间限制地缓存返回的图像。这意味着你的图像url是永远不会改变的、指向图像的静态url。如果指向的图片发生了变化，那么url也会相应的跟着变化。如果你不控制你的图像服务器，当它的内容更新时你不能改变它的url。Facebook头像就是这种情况的例子。在这种情况下，你可以使用SDWebImageRefreshCached的标志。这将稍微降低性能，但将会考虑到HTTP缓存控制头：
[imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://graph.facebook.com/olivier.poitrey/picture"]
placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"avatar-placeholder.png"]
options:SDWebImageRefreshCached];SDWebImageDecoder的作用
+ (UIImage *)decodedImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image;显示GIF图片
+ (UIImage *)sd_animatedGIFWithData:(NSData *)data {
if (!data) {
return nil;
}
CGImageSourceRef source = CGImageSourceCreateWithData((__bridge CFDataRef)data, NULL);
size_t count = CGImageSourceGetCount(source);
UIImage *animatedImage;
if (count <= 1) {
animatedImage = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:data];
} else {
NSMutableArray *images = [NSMutableArray array];
NSTimeInterval duration = 0.0f;
for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
CGImageRef image = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(source, i, NULL);
duration += [self frameDurationAtIndex:i source:source];
[images addObject:[UIImage imageWithCGImage:image scale:[UIScreen mainScreen].scale orientation:UIImageOrientationUp]];
CGImageRelease(image);
}
if (!duration) {
duration = (1.0f / 10.0f) * count;
}
animatedImage = [UIImage animatedImageWithImages:images duration:duration];
}
CFRelease(source);
return animatedImage;
}Add a progress indicator（添加进度指示）
查看这个类别： https://github.com/JJSaccolo/UIActivityIndicator-for-SDWebImage
SDWebImage中的一些参数：
*SDWebImageRetryFailed = 1<< 0, 默认选项，失败后重试
*SDWebImageLowPriority = 1<< 1, 使用低优先级
*SDWebImageCacheMemoryOnly = 1<< 2, 仅仅使用内存缓存
*SDWebImageProgressiveDownload = 1<< 3, 显示现在进度
*SDWebImageRefreshCached = 1<< 4, 刷新缓存
*SDWebImageContinueInBackground =1 << 5, 后台继续下载图像
*SDWebImageHandleCookies = 1<< 6, 处理Cookie
*SDWebImageAllowInvalidSSLCertificates= 1 << 7, 允许无效的SSL验证
*SDWebImageHighPriority = 1<< 8, 高优先级
*SDWebImageDelayPlaceholder = 1<< 9 延迟显示占位图片
Installation（安装）
有两种方式使用SDWebImage：
1.将文件全部拖入工程中；
2.将工程作为一个静态库拖入工程中。
Add the SDWebImage project to your project
- Download and unzip the last version of the framework from the download page
- Right-click on the project navigator and select "Add Files to "Your Project":
- In the dialog, select SDWebImage.framework:
- Check the "Copy items into destination group's folder (if needed)" checkbox
Add dependencies（添加依赖性）
- In you application project app’s target settings, find the "Build Phases" section and open the "Link Binary With Libraries" block:
- Click the "+" button again and select the "ImageIO.framework"(还缺一个“MapKit.framework”，readme中没提到), this is needed by the progressive download feature:
Add Linker Flag（添加链接标志）
Open the "Build Settings" tab, in the "Linking" section, locate the "Other Linker Flags" setting and add the "-ObjC" flag:
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