一、获取Class对象
获取Class对象有两种方法:1. ClassName.class 2. Class.forName(className); className是全名,包括包名。
package com.yjb.example;
public class ReflectionDemo {
public static void main(String[] args){
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//Class myClass = MyObject.class;
//或者通过类的全名获取class
Class mainClass = Class.forName("com.yjb.example.ReflectionDemo");
//get inner class
Class innerClass = Class.forName("com.yjb.example.MyObject");
}
}
<p class="p1"><pre name="code" class="java">class MyObject{
public int publicint =0;
private int privateint =0;
public MyObject(){
}
public MyObject(int i){
privateint = i;
System.out.println("con-->"+i);
}
public int publicMethod(){
return 0;
}
public String publicMethod(String s){
return s;
}
private String privateMethod(){
return "this is private method";
}
}
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//获取Class名字(不包含包名)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>System.out.println("SimpleName:"+innerClass.getSimpleName());
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//获取Class全名(包括包名)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>System.out.println("Name:"+innerClass.getName());
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//获取Class的修饰符,返回的是一个int类型,可以通过isXXXX判断内容
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>int modifier = mainClass.getModifiers();
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>System.out.println(modifier);
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>System.out.println(Modifier.isPublic(modifier));
二、获取构造器
//获取指定参数的构造器,设置指定参数用 new Class[]{String.class,int.class.....}后面也会用到
Constructor con = innerClass.getConstructor(new Class[]{int.class});
//获取所有的构造器
Constructor[]cons = innerClass.getConstructors();
for(Constructor c:cons){
//获取每个构造器的参数
System.out.println(c.getParameterTypes());
}
//通过构造器实例化对象,注意得转型
MyObject myObject = (MyObject)con.newInstance(1);
三、获取变量field
//获取所有的public成员变量
Field[] fields = innerClass.getFields();
for(Field f:fields){
//获取变量的名字
System.out.println(f.getName());
}
//获取指定名字的成员变量(也必须是public)
Field field = innerClass.getField("publicint");
MyObject myObject2 = new MyObject();
myObject2.publicint=1;
//通过get()获取指定对象实例的成员变量数值
System.out.println(field.get(myObject2));
//通过set()设置对象的变量
field.set(myObject2, 2);
//再次读取,已被修改
System.out.println(field.get(myObject2));
四、获取方法method
//get all methods include private
Method[] methods = innerClass.getDeclaredMethods();
//get all public methods
Method[] ms = innerClass.getMethods();
//get method by name and params
Method m1 = innerClass.getMethod("publicMethod", new Class[]{String.class});
System.out.println(m1);
Method m2 = innerClass.getMethod("publicMethod", null);
System.out.println(m2);
//获取method的参数
Class[] paramsTypes = m1.getParameterTypes();
for(Class c : paramsTypes)
System.out.println(c);
//获取method的返回类型
Class returnTypes = m2.getReturnType();
System.out.println(returnTypes);
//run the method
Object returnValue = m1.invoke(myObject, "this is my invoke");
System.out.println(returnValue);
五、private field和method
<pre name="code" class="java"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>/*
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>*注:所有的getMethod getField 都只能获取public,想获取private得用getDeclaredField和getDeclaredMethod
*在调用field.get以及method.invoke之前,要setAccessible(true)
*/
//reflect private filedMyObject myObject3 = new MyObject(99);Field myPrivateField = myObject3.getClass().getDeclaredField("privateint");//set accessablemyPrivateField.setAccessible(true);System.out.println("private_field:"+myPrivateField.get(myObject3));//reflect private methodMethod PrivateMethod = MyObject.class.getDeclaredMethod("privateMethod", null);PrivateMethod.setAccessible(true);System.out.println(PrivateMethod.invoke(new MyObject(), null));