【Java-Reflection】Class以及反射成员变量和方法

一、获取Class对象

获取Class对象有两种方法：1. ClassName.class    2. Class.forName(className);  className是全名，包括包名。

package com.yjb.example;
public class ReflectionDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args){
        <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//Class myClass = MyObject.class;
		//或者通过类的全名获取class
		Class mainClass = Class.forName("com.yjb.example.ReflectionDemo");
		
		//get inner class
		Class innerClass = Class.forName("com.yjb.example.MyObject");
        }
}
<p class="p1"><pre name="code" class="java">class MyObject{
	public int publicint =0;
	private int privateint =0;
	
	
	public MyObject(){
		
	}
	
	public MyObject(int i){
		privateint = i;
		System.out.println("con-->"+i);
	}
	
	public int publicMethod(){
		return 0;
	}
	
	public String publicMethod(String s){
		return s;
	}
	
	private String privateMethod(){
		return "this is private method";
	}
}

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//获取Class名字(不包含包名)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>System.out.println("SimpleName:"+innerClass.getSimpleName());
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//获取Class全名(包括包名)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>System.out.println("Name:"+innerClass.getName());
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//获取Class的修饰符，返回的是一个int类型，可以通过isXXXX判断内容
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>int modifier = mainClass.getModifiers();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>System.out.println(modifier);
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>System.out.println(Modifier.isPublic(modifier));

二、获取构造器

	//获取指定参数的构造器，设置指定参数用 new Class[]{String.class,int.class.....}后面也会用到
	Constructor  con = innerClass.getConstructor(new Class[]{int.class});
	//获取所有的构造器
	Constructor[]cons = innerClass.getConstructors();
	for(Constructor c:cons){
		//获取每个构造器的参数
		System.out.println(c.getParameterTypes());
	}
	//通过构造器实例化对象，注意得转型
	MyObject myObject = (MyObject)con.newInstance(1);

三、获取变量field

	//获取所有的public成员变量
	Field[] fields = innerClass.getFields();
	for(Field f:fields){
		//获取变量的名字
		System.out.println(f.getName());
	}
	//获取指定名字的成员变量（也必须是public）
	Field field = innerClass.getField("publicint");
	MyObject myObject2 = new MyObject();
	myObject2.publicint=1;
	//通过get()获取指定对象实例的成员变量数值
	System.out.println(field.get(myObject2));
	//通过set()设置对象的变量
	field.set(myObject2, 2);
	//再次读取，已被修改
	System.out.println(field.get(myObject2));

四、获取方法method

	//get all methods include private
	Method[] methods = innerClass.getDeclaredMethods();
	//get all public methods
	Method[] ms = innerClass.getMethods();
		
	//get method by name and params
	Method m1 = innerClass.getMethod("publicMethod", new Class[]{String.class});
	System.out.println(m1);
	Method m2 = innerClass.getMethod("publicMethod", null);
	System.out.println(m2);
	//获取method的参数
	Class[] paramsTypes = m1.getParameterTypes();
	for(Class c : paramsTypes)
		System.out.println(c);
	//获取method的返回类型
	Class returnTypes = m2.getReturnType();
	System.out.println(returnTypes);
	//run the method
	Object returnValue = m1.invoke(myObject, "this is my invoke");
	System.out.println(returnValue);

五、private field和method

<pre name="code" class="java"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>/*

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>*注：所有的getMethod getField 都只能获取public,想获取private得用getDeclaredField和getDeclaredMethod

	*在调用field.get以及method.invoke之前，要setAccessible(true)
	*/

//reflect private filedMyObject myObject3 = new MyObject(99);Field myPrivateField = myObject3.getClass().getDeclaredField("privateint");//set accessablemyPrivateField.setAccessible(true);System.out.println("private_field:"+myPrivateField.get(myObject3));//reflect private methodMethod PrivateMethod = MyObject.class.getDeclaredMethod("privateMethod", null);PrivateMethod.setAccessible(true);System.out.println(PrivateMethod.invoke(new MyObject(), null));