【java与智能设备】CH07_01_Android中的文件存储

布局文件activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/edt_msg"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="25sp"
        android:gravity="center"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_native_r"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="读取本地文件"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_native_w"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="写入本地文件"/>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.ch07filedemo;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private EditText edtMsg;
    private Button btnNativeR;
    private Button btnNativeW;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        findViews();
        //读取SharedPreferences中的数据，显示在编辑框中
        showUserInfo();
        //注册监听器
        setListener();
    }

    private void setListener() {
        Mylistener mylistener = new Mylistener();
        btnNativeR.setOnClickListener(mylistener);
        btnNativeW.setOnClickListener(mylistener);
    }

    private void showUserInfo() {
        //1. 获取SharedPreferences对象
        SharedPreferences userSp = getSharedPreferences(
                "UserInfo",
                MODE_PRIVATE
        );
        //2. 获取数据
        String name = userSp.getString("name", "无名");
        String pwd = userSp.getString("pwd", "******");
        //3. 显示数据
        edtMsg.setText(name + " ：" + pwd);
    }

    private void findViews() {
        edtMsg = findViewById(R.id.edt_msg);
        btnNativeR = findViewById(R.id.btn_native_r);
        btnNativeW = findViewById(R.id.btn_native_w);
    }

    class Mylistener implements View.OnClickListener {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            switch (view.getId()) {
                case R.id.btn_native_r:
                    //读取本地文本文件的内容，并显示在编辑框中
                    showNativeTxtMsg();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_native_w:
                    //提取编辑框中的内容，追加到本地文件的末尾
                    appenNateiveTxtMsg();
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private void appenNateiveTxtMsg() {
        try {
            //1. 获取本地文件路径
            String path = getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath();
            String file = path + "/test.txt";
            //2. 创建输出流（高级输出缓冲字符流）
            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
                    new OutputStreamWriter(
                            new FileOutputStream(file, true), "GB2312"
                    )
            );
            //3. 获取编辑框的内容
            String str = edtMsg.getText().toString().trim();
            //4. 将获取到的内容添加到文件的末尾
            writer.write(str);
            writer.flush();
            writer.close();
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                    "数据追加完成",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 读取本地文本文件的内容，并显示在编辑框中
     */
    private void showNativeTxtMsg() {

        try {
            //1. 得到文件的路径
            String path = getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath();
            Log.i("lww", "本地路径:" + path);
            //构造文件路径
            String file = path + "/test.txt";
            //2. 创建文件输入流（高级缓冲输入流）
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(
                            new FileInputStream(file), "GB2312"
                    )
            );
            //3. 读
            String str = null;
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            while (null != (str = reader.readLine())) {
                buffer.append(str);
                buffer.append("\n");
            }
            reader.close();
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                    "文件读取完成",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            //4. 将读到的数据显示在编辑框中
            edtMsg.setText(buffer.toString());
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

布局文件 activity_login.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_margin="15dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".LoginActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/edt_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入用户名" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/edt_pwd"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="textPassword"
        android:hint="请输入密码"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_login"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="15sp"
        android:text="登录"/>
    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="15dp">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_auto"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
            android:text="自动登录"/>
        <CheckBox
            android:id="@+id/chk_auto"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/tv_auto"
            android:layout_alignBaseline="@id/tv_auto"/>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_save"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/chk_auto"
            android:text="保存密码"/>
        <CheckBox
            android:id="@+id/chk_save"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/tv_save"
            android:layout_alignBaseline="@id/tv_save"/>
    </RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout>

LoginActivity.java

package com.example.ch07filedemo;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class LoginActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button btnLogin;
    private EditText edtName;
    private EditText edtPwd;
    private TextView tvAuto;
    private TextView tvSave;
    private CheckBox chkAuto;
    private CheckBox chkSave;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_login);

        //获取控件
        findViews();
        //添加监听器
        setListener();
    }

    private void setListener() {
        Mylistener mylistener = new Mylistener();
        //给按钮注册点击事件监听器
        btnLogin.setOnClickListener(mylistener);
        //给自动登录复选框注册点击事件监听器
        chkAuto.setOnClickListener(mylistener);
    }

    private void findViews() {
        btnLogin = findViewById(R.id.btn_login);
        edtName = findViewById(R.id.edt_name);
        edtPwd = findViewById(R.id.edt_pwd);
        tvAuto = findViewById(R.id.tv_auto);
        tvSave = findViewById(R.id.tv_save);
        chkAuto = findViewById(R.id.chk_auto);
        chkSave = findViewById(R.id.chk_save);
    }
    class Mylistener implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            switch (view.getId()){
                case R.id.btn_login:
                    //1. 判断是否自动保存密码
                    boolean flagSave = isChecked(R.id.chk_save);
                    if(flagSave) {
                        //如果自动保存，则保存账户信息
                        //TODO:使用SharedPreferences保存账户信息
                        saveUser();
                    }else {
                        //如果不自动保存，则清空账户信息
                        //TODO：清除账户信息
                        deleteUser();
                    }
                    //2. 页面跳转
                    Intent intent = new Intent();
                    intent.setClass(
                            LoginActivity.this,
                            MainActivity.class);
                    startActivity(intent);
                    break;
                case R.id.chk_auto:
                    //判断是否被选中
                    boolean flagAuto = isChecked(R.id.chk_auto);
                    if(flagAuto){
                        Toast.makeText(
                                getApplicationContext(),
                                "您已选择自动登录",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                        ).show();
                    }else{
                        Toast.makeText(
                                getApplicationContext(),
                                "您已取消自动登录",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                        ).show();
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private void deleteUser() {
        //1 获取SharedPreferences对象
        SharedPreferences userSp = getSharedPreferences(
                "UserInfo",
                0
        );
        //2. 获取Editor对象
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = userSp.edit();
        //3. 删除指定数据
        //删除用户名
        editor.remove("name");
        //删除所有信息
        editor.clear();
        //4. 提交更改
        editor.commit();
    }

    private void saveUser() {
        //1 获取SharedPreferences对象
        SharedPreferences userSp = getSharedPreferences(
                "UserInfo", MODE_PRIVATE);
        //2 获取Editor对象
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = userSp.edit();
        //3 向SharedPreferences中添加数据
        String name = edtName.getText().toString().trim();
        String pwd = edtPwd.getText().toString().trim();
        editor.putString("name", name);
        editor.putString("pwd", pwd);
        //4 提交修改
        editor.commit();
    }

    private boolean isChecked(int id) {
        switch(id){
            case R.id.chk_auto:
                return chkAuto.isChecked();
            case R.id.chk_save:
                return chkSave.isChecked();
        }
        return false;
    }
}