hibernate映射关系有一对一、一对多、多对一、多对多;其中每一种又分单向和双向,主键和外键。需要配置实体类、实体类的映射文件,对应为数据库表间的关系;此篇先讲非注解方式的。
单向一对一:即在一个对象中存在另一个对象的引用,而在另一个对象中则不存在该对象的引用。
参考熔岩文章:http://lavasoft.blog.51cto.com/62575/39312
实体类文件
Person11tab.java
private int personId;
private String personName;
private int age;
private Address11tab address11tab;
Address11tab.java
private int addressId;
private String detailAddress;
表结构
-- 一对一单向关联的中间表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS join_11tab;
CREATE TABLE join_11tab (
person_id int(11) PRIMARY KEY,
address_id int(11) UNIQUE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 一对一单向关联人员表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS person_11tab;
CREATE TABLE person_11tab (
person_id int(11) PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
person_name varchar(20),
age int(11) default NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 一对一单向关联家庭住址表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS address_11tab;
CREATE TABLE address_11tab (
address_id int(11) PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
detail_address varchar(255) default NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 为 一对一单向关联的中间表 增加外键
ALTER TABLE join_11tab ADD CONSTRAINT fk_join_11tab_person FOREIGN KEY(person_id) REFERENCES person_11tab(person_id);
ALTER TABLE join_11tab ADD CONSTRAINT fk_join_11tab_address FOREIGN KEY(address_id) REFERENCES address_11tab(address_id);
-- SELECT * FROM person_11tab;
-- SELECT * FROM address_11tab;
-- SELECT * FROM join_11tab;
配置文件
Person11tab.hbm.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ack.hibernateMapping.entity.Person11tab" table="person_11tab">
<id name="personId" column="person_id">
<generator class="identity"/>
</id>
<property name="personName" column="person_name"/>
<property name="age"/>
<!--使用join元素显式确定连接表-->
<join table="join_11tab">
<key column="person_id"/>
<!--其中unique=“true”属性,将多对一确定为“1-1”-->
<many-to-one name="address11tab" column="address_id" unique="true"/>
</join>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Address11tab.hbm.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ack.hibernateMapping.entity.Address11tab" table="address_11tab">
<id name="addressId" column="address_id">
<generator class="identity"/>
</id>
<property name="detailAddress" column="detail_address"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
别忘了在hibernate.cfg.xml中加入类的映射文件引用。
测试类,HibernateUtil参考可前面的文章
public class Test_pa_11tab {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person11tab p1 = new Person11tab();
p1.setPersonName("陈三");
Address11tab add1 = new Address11tab();
add1.setDetailAddress("丽水市莲都区");
p1.setAddress11tab(add1);
Session session = HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(p1);
session.save(add1);
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
}
p1在add1前保存,sql语句如下:
insert into person_11tab(person_name, age) values(?, ?)
insert into join_11tab(address_id, person_id) values(?, ?)
insert into address_11tab(detail_address) values(?)
update join_11tab set address_id=? where person_id=?
add1在p1前保存,sql语句如下:
insert into address_11tab(detail_address) values(?)
insert into person_11tab(person_name, age) values(?, ?)
insert into join_11tab(address_id, person_id) values(?, ?)
只有add1保存,sql语句如下:
insert into address_11tab(detail_address) values(?)
只有p1保存,sql语句如下:
insert into person_11tab(person_name, age) values(?, ?)
insert into join_11tab(address_id, person_id) values(?, ?)
报异常:org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: com.ack.hibernate.hibernateMapping.entity.Address11tab.
因为需要根据p1的Person11tab对象获取Address11tab的add1去update join_11tab表,在p1中找不到对应的add1。