注意Python语句的缩进:
if语句:
x = int(input("Please enter an integer: "))
if x==0:
print("x=0")
elif x<=9:
print("x<=9")
else:
print(x)
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
Please enter an integer: 4
x<=9
while语句:
a,b=0,1
while b<1000:
print(b,end=',')
a,b=b,a+b
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89,144,233,377,610,987,
>>>
for语句:
示例1:
x=['hello','world']
for a in x:
print(a+':',len(a))
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
hello: 5
world: 5
>>>
示例2:
for x in range(1,10,2): #参数依次代表 开始数,截止数,差值
print(x)
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
1
3
5
7
9
>>>
break语句用法类似于C中的用法,用于跳出最近的for,while循环:
for x in range(2,10):
if x%2==0:
print(x,"是偶数")
break
else:
print("x是奇数")
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
2 是偶数
>>>
continue语句借鉴与C语言,表示继续执行下一次迭代:
for x in range(2,10):
if x%2==0:
print(x,"是偶数")
continue
else:
print(x,"是奇数")
运行结果:
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
2 是偶数
3 是奇数
4 是偶数
5 是奇数
6 是偶数
7 是奇数
8 是偶数
9 是奇数
>>>
pass语句什么也不做。通常用于创建最小结构的类:
class myclass:
pass
del语句,用于根据索引删除列表中的值(也可以用于删除变量,删除后,再次调用就会出错除非你对其赋值):
>>> a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> del a[0]
>>> a
[2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> del a[0:3]
>>> a
[5, 6]
>>> del a
>>> a
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#18>", line 1, in <module>
a
NameError: name 'a' is not defined
>>>