1. 简单的将日志打印到屏幕
import logging logging . debug ( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info ( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning ( 'This is warning message' )
屏幕上打印 : WARNING:root:This is warning message
默认情况下, logging 将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为 WARNING ; 日志级别大小关系为: CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET ,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。
2. 通过 logging.basicConfig 函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置
import logging logging . basicConfig ( level = logging . DEBUG , format= '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s' , datefmt= '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S' , filename= 'myapp.log' , filemode= 'w' ) logging. debug ( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info ( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning ( 'This is warning message' )
./myapp.log 文件中内容为 : Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
logging.basicConfig 函数各参数 : filename: 指定日志文件名 filemode: 和 file 函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式, 'w' 或 'a' format: 指定输出的格式和内容, format 可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示 : %(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值 %(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称 %(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是 sys.argv[0] %(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名 %(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数 %(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号 %(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间 %(thread)d: 打印线程 ID %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称 %(process)d: 打印进程 ID %(message)s: 打印日志信息 datefmt: 指定时间格式,同 time.strftime() level: 设置日志级别,默认为 logging.WARNING stream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到 sys.stderr,sys.stdout 或者文件,默认输出到 sys.stderr ,当 stream 和 filename 同时指定时, stream 被忽略
3. 将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕
import logging logging . basicConfig ( level = logging . DEBUG , format= '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s' , datefmt= '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S' , filename= 'myapp.log' , filemode= 'w' ) ################################################################################################# #定义一个 StreamHandler ,将 INFO 级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象 # console = logging . StreamHandler () console. setLevel ( logging . INFO ) formatter = logging . Formatter ( '%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s' ) console. setFormatter ( formatter ) logging. getLogger ( '' ). addHandler ( console ) ################################################################################################# logging. debug ( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info ( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning ( 'This is warning message' )
屏幕上打印 : root : INFO This is info message root : WARNING This is warning message
./myapp.log 文件中内容为 : Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
4.logging 之日志回滚
import logging from logging . handlers import RotatingFileHandler ################################################################################################# # 定义一个 RotatingFileHandler ,最多备份 5 个日志文件,每个日志文件最大 10M Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler ( 'myapp.log' , maxBytes = 10 * 1024 * 1024 , backupCount = 5 ) Rthandler. setLevel ( logging . INFO ) formatter = logging . Formatter ( '%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s' ) Rthandler. setFormatter ( formatter ) logging. getLogger ( '' ). addHandler ( Rthandler ) ################################################################################################
从上例和本例可以看出, logging 有一个日志处理的主对象,其它处理方式都是通过 addHandler 添加进去的。 logging的几种 handle 方式如下:
logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流,可以是 sys.stderr 、 sys.stdout 或者文件 logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件
日志回滚方式,实际使用时用 RotatingFileHandler 和 TimedRotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到 TCP/IP sockets logging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 远程输出日志到 UDP sockets logging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 远程输出日志到邮件地址 logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到 syslog logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到 Windows NT/2000/XP 的事件日志 logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定 buffer logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过 "GET" 或 "POST" 远程输出到 HTTP 服务器
由于 StreamHandler 和 FileHandler 是常用的日志处理方式,所以直接包含在 logging 模块中,而其他方式则包含在 logging.handlers 模块中, 上述其它处理方式的使用请参见 python2.5 手册!
5. 通过 logging.config 模块配置日志
#logger . conf
###############################################
[loggers] keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root] level=DEBUG handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01] handlers=hand01,hand02 qualname=example01 propagate=0
[logger_example02] handlers=hand01,hand03 qualname=example02 propagate=0
###############################################
[handlers] keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01] class=StreamHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02] class=FileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03] class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
###############################################
[formatters] keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02] format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s datefmt=
上例 3 :
import logging import logging . config logging . config . fileConfig ( "logger.conf" ) logger = logging . getLogger ( "example01" ) logger. debug ( 'This is debug message' ) logger. info ( 'This is info message' ) logger. warning ( 'This is warning message' )
上例 4 :
import logging import logging . config logging . config . fileConfig ( "logger.conf" ) logger = logging . getLogger ( "example02" ) logger. debug ( 'This is debug message' ) logger. info ( 'This is info message' ) logger. warning ( 'This is warning message' )
6.logging 是线程安全的
from:http://blog.csdn.net/yatere/article/details/6655445
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