通常情况下,我们都是采用web.xml来配置springmvc的,如下所示:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvcservlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>appName</param-name>
<param-value>authplatform</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvcservlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
在本文中,主要讲的是利用java配置的方法,即不会修改web.xml(需要支持servlet容器3.0及以上,例如tomcat7.0及以上):
写一个实现类,实现了WebApplicationInitializer接口或者继承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer 区别主要在于后者帮我们默认初始化了很多东西。
package com.qcsy.test;
import com.qcsy.test.config.RootConfig;
import com.qcsy.test.config.WebConfig;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
/**
* Description: 使用java 配置DispatcherServlet
* Copyright: © 2020 qcsystudio. All rights reserved.
*
* @author qcsy
* @version 1.0
* @timestamp 2020/10/25.
*/
public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
/**
* 可以用来配置整个spring容器的相关信息,例如扫描bean的位置等等
* 返回的class需要待有 @Configuration 或者@Component注解
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{RootConfig.class};
}
/**
* 可以用来配置整个dispatcher相关的信息
* 返回的class需要待有 @Configuration 或者@Component注解
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
}
/**
* 配置映射路径
* @return
*/
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
}
getServletMappings:,它会将一个或多个路径映 射到DispatcherServlet
getServletConfigClasses:配置springmvc相关的配置类,如配置视图解析器等等
getRootConfigClasses:配置一个或者多个spring相关容器的配置类
RootConfig代码:
package com.qcsy.test.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
/**
* Description:
* Copyright: © 2019 qcsystudio. All rights reserved.
*
* @author qcsy
* @version 1.0
* @timestamp 2020/10/25.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.qcsy.test")
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
/**
* jsp视图解析器
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(){
InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver=new InternalResourceViewResolver();
internalResourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/");
internalResourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
internalResourceViewResolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
return internalResourceViewResolver;
}
/**
* 配置静态资源处理器
* 通过 调用DefaultServlet-HandlerConfigurer的enable()方法
* 我们要求DispatcherServlet将对静态资源的请求转发到Servlet容 器中默认的Servlet上
* @param configurer
*/
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
}
RootConfig 代码:
package com.qcsy.test.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
/**
* Description:
* Copyright: © 2019 qcsystudio. All rights reserved.
*
* @author qcsy
* @version 1.0
* @timestamp 2020/10/25.
*/
@Configuration
//避免扫描到了webconfig
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.qcsy.test",excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = EnableWebMvc.class)})
public class RootConfig {
}
到这里通过3个java类就简单实现了springmvc的初始化配置
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下面是这样的实现原理:
在Servlet 3.0环境 中,容器会在类路径中查找实现 javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer接口的类, 如果能发现的话,就会用它来配置Servlet容器。
Spring提供了这个接口的实现,名 为SpringServletContainerInitializer,这个类反过来又会 查找实现WebApplicationInitializer的类并将配置的任务交给 它们来完成:如图