Flask---wtforms使用、信号

简单示例

from flask import Blueprint,render_template,request,session,redirect
from ..utils.sql import SQLHelper
account = Blueprint('account',__name__)

from wtforms import Form
from wtforms.fields import simple,core,html5
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import widgets


class Myvalidators(object):
    '''自定义验证规则'''
    def __init__(self,message):
        self.message = message
    def __call__(self, form, field):
        print(field.data,"用户输入的信息")
        if field.data == "safly":
            return None
        raise validators.ValidationError(self.message)


class LoginForm(Form):
    user = simple.StringField(
        validators=[
            Myvalidators(message="用户名必须是safly"),  # 也可以自定义正则
            validators.DataRequired(message='用户名不能为空.'),
            # validators.Length(min=6, max=18, message='用户名长度必须大于%(min)d且小于%(max)d')
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}

    )
    pwd = simple.PasswordField(
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='密码不能为空.'),
            # validators.Length(min=8, message='用户名长度必须大于%(min)d'),
            # validators.Regexp(regex="^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[$@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d$@$!%*?&]{8,}",
            #                   message='密码至少8个字符，至少1个大写字母，1个小写字母，1个数字和1个特殊字符')

        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

@account.route('/login',methods=['GET',"POST"])
def login():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = LoginForm()
        return render_template('login.html',form=form)


    # ImmutableMultiDict([('user', 'safly'), ('pwd', '123')])

    form = LoginForm(formdata=request.form)
    print("request.form", request.form, "------", form.data)
    if not form.validate():
        return render_template('login.html', form=form)

    obj = SQLHelper.fetch_one("select id,user from user where user =%(user)s and pwd=%(pwd)s", form.data)
    if obj:
        session.permanent = True
        session['user_info'] = {'id':obj['id'], 'user':obj['user']}
        return redirect('/index')
    else:
        return render_template('login.html',msg='用户名或密码错误',form=form)

基本使用

通过pip install wtforms进行安装

class RegisterForm(Form):
    name = simple.StringField(
        label='用户名',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired()
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'},
        default='alex'
    )

    pwd = simple.PasswordField(
        label='密码',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='密码不能为空.')
        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    pwd_confirm = simple.PasswordField(
        label='重复密码',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='重复密码不能为空.'),
            validators.EqualTo('pwd', message="两次密码输入不一致")
        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    email = html5.EmailField(
        label='邮箱',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='邮箱不能为空.'),
            validators.Email(message='邮箱格式错误')
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(input_type='email'),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    gender = core.RadioField(
        label='性别',
        choices=(
            (1, '男'),
            (2, '女'),
        ),
        coerce=int
    )
    city = core.SelectField(
        label='城市',
        choices=SQLHelper.fetch_all('select id,user from user ',{},None),
        # choices=(
        #     (1, '篮球'),
        #     (2, '足球'),
        # ),
        coerce=int
    )

    hobby = core.SelectMultipleField(
        label='爱好',
        choices=(
            (1, '篮球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        coerce=int
    )

    favor = core.SelectMultipleField(
        label='喜好',
        choices=(
            (1, '篮球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        widget=widgets.ListWidget(prefix_label=False),
        option_widget=widgets.CheckboxInput(),
        coerce=int,
        default=[1, 2]
    )
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(RegisterForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.city.choices = SQLHelper.fetch_all('select id,user from user ',{},None)


    def validate_name(self, field):
        """
        自定义pwd_confirm字段规则，例：与pwd字段是否一致
        :param field:
        :return:
        """
        # 最开始初始化时，self.data中已经有所有的值
        print(field.data) # 当前name传过来的值
        # print(self.data) # 当前传过来的所有的值：name,gender.....

        obj = SQLHelper.fetch_one('select id from user where user =%s',[field.data,])
        if obj:
            raise validators.ValidationError("用户名已经存在") # 继续后续验证
            # raise validators.StopValidation("用户名已经存在") # 不再继续后续验证

渲染

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form method="post">
        {% for item in form %}
        <p>{{item.label}}: {{item}} {{item.errors[0] }}</p>
        {% endfor %}
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

校验

@account.route('/register',methods=['GET','POST'])
def register():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = RegisterForm()
        return render_template('register.html',form=form)
    form = RegisterForm(formdata=request.form)
    if form.validate():
        print("form.data",form.data)
    else:
        print("form.errors",form.errors)
        return render_template('register.html', form=form)

自定义Form组件

#!usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from flask import Flask,render_template,request,Markup
app = Flask(__name__,template_folder="templates")
app.debug = True
# ==============通过这几个类就可以显示了-==============
#插件
class Widget(object):
    pass

class InputText(Widget):
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        return "<input type='text' name='name'>"

class TextArea(Widget):
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return Markup("<textarea name='email'></textarea>")

#Form
class BaseForm(object):
    def __init__(self):
        #获取当前所有的字段
        _fields = {}
        for name, field in self.__class__.__dict__.items():
            if isinstance(field, Field):  # 筛选出字段是name和emailDe
                _fields[name] = field
        self._fields = _fields
        self.data = {}
        # print(_fields)  # {'name': 111, 'email': 222}

    def validate(self,request_data):
        #先找到所有的字段，在执行每一个字段的validate方法
        flag = True
        for name, field in self._fields.items():
            input_val = request_data.get(name,"") #用户输入的值
            result= field.validate(input_val)  #每一个字段自己校验
            print("???????????",input_val,result)
            if not result:
                flag = False
            else:
                self.data[name] = input_val
        return flag
#字段
class Field(object):
    '''所有类的基类'''
    def __str__(self):          #python中的静态字段通过类能找到，通过对象也能找到
        return Markup(self.widget())  #self就是StringField，self

class StringField(Field):  #每个字段打印的时候都要去执行__str__，所以选择放在基类里面，自己没有就调用父类的
    widget = InputText()
    def validate(self,val):
        if val:
            return True

class EmaliField(Field):
    widget = TextArea()
    reg = ".*@.*"

    def validate(self,val):
        import re
        print(re.match(self.reg,val),"************")
        if re.match(self.reg,val):
            return True


# ===============使用===============
class LoginForm(BaseForm):
    name = StringField()
    email = EmaliField()

@app.route('/index', methods=["GET","POST"])
def index():
    form = LoginForm()
    ret = form.validate(request.form)
    print("验证成功",ret)
    print("验证成功的值",form.data)
    # print(form.name)
    # print(form.email)
    return render_template("index.html",form=form)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>


<form method="post">
    {{form.email}}
    {{form.name}}
    <input type="submit" value="提交">{{msg}}
</form>


</body>
</html>

信号

from flask import Flask, flash
from flask.signals import _signals

app = Flask(__name__)

xinhao = _signals.signal("xinhao")  # 创建信号


# 定义函数
def func1(*args, **kwargs):
    print("func1", args, kwargs)


def func2(*args, **kwargs):
    print("func2", args, kwargs)


# 将函数注册到信号中,添加到这个列表
xinhao.connect(func1)
xinhao.connect(func2)


@app.route("/zzz")
def zzz():
    xinhao.send(sender='xxx', a1=123, a2=456)  # 触发这个信号，执行注册到列表中的所有函数,这里的参数个上面函数的参数一致
    return "发送信号成功"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

# 打印结果
# func1 (None,) {'sender': 'xxx', 'a1': 123, 'a2': 456}
# func2 (None,) {'sender': 'xxx', 'a1': 123, 'a2': 456}