springboot2整合rabbitmq，并介绍3种常见exchange

1.添加Maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.application.properties配置

spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=test
spring.rabbitmq.host=182.92.234.232
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456

3.FanoutExchange

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqFanoutConfig {

    public static final String FANOUT_QUEUE_A = "fanout_queue_a";
    public static final String FANOUT_QUEUE_B = "fanout_queue_b";
    public static final String FANOUT_QUEUE_C = "fanout_queue_c";

    public static final String FANOUT_EXCHANGE = "fanout_exchange";

    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueueA() {
        return new Queue(FANOUT_QUEUE_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueueB() {
        return new Queue(FANOUT_QUEUE_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueueC() {
        return new Queue(FANOUT_QUEUE_C);
    }

    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange(FANOUT_EXCHANGE);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding queueABindingExchange(Queue fanoutQueueA, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueA).to(fanoutExchange);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding queueBBindingExchange(Queue fanoutQueueB, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueB).to(fanoutExchange);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding queueCBindingExchange(Queue fanoutQueueC, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueC).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
}

@Component
public class FanoutProducer {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FanoutProducer.class);

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void fanoutSendMessage(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> FanoutExchange Send Message] body: " + message.toString());
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqFanoutConfig.FANOUT_EXCHANGE, "", message);
    }
}

@Component
public class FanoutConsumers {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FanoutConsumers.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqFanoutConfig.FANOUT_QUEUE_A)
    public void fanoutQueueA(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From FanoutQueueA] body: " + message.toString());
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqFanoutConfig.FANOUT_QUEUE_B)
    public void fanoutQueueB(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From FanoutQueueB] body: " + message.toString());
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqFanoutConfig.FANOUT_QUEUE_C)
    public void fanoutQueueC(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From FanoutQueueC] body: " + message.toString());
    }
}

@Autowired
private FanoutProducer fanoutProducer;

@Test
public void testFanoutExchange() {
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("fanoutExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to fanoutExchange");
    fanoutProducer.fanoutSendMessage(message);
}

fanout可以理解为广播模式或者订阅模式, 给fanout交换机发送消息, 绑定了这个交换机的所有队列都收到这个消息.

4.TopicExchange

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqTopicConfig {

    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_A = "topic.a";
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_B = "topic.b";
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_OTHER = "topic.other";

    public static final String TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_A = "topic.a";
    public static final String TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_B = "topic.*";
    public static final String TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_C = "topic.#";

    public static final String TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "topic_exchange";

    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueueA() {
        return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueueB() {
        return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueueOther() {
        return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_OTHER);
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
        return new TopicExchange(TOPIC_EXCHANGE);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicQueueABindingTopicExchange(Queue topicQueueA, TopicExchange topicExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueA).to(topicExchange).with(TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicQueueBBindingTopicExchange(Queue topicQueueB, TopicExchange topicExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueB).to(topicExchange).with(TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicQueueCBindingTopicExchange(Queue topicQueueOther, TopicExchange topicExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueOther).to(topicExchange).with(TOPIC_ROUTING_KEY_C);
    }
}

@Component
public class TopicProducer {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicProducer.class);

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void topicSendMessage(Message message, String routingKey) {
        logger.info("[===========> TopicExchange Send Message] body: " + message.toString());
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqTopicConfig.TOPIC_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
    }
}

@Component
public class TopicConsumers {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicConsumers.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqTopicConfig.TOPIC_QUEUE_A)
    public void topicQueueA(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From TopicQueueA] body: " + message.toString());
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqTopicConfig.TOPIC_QUEUE_B)
    public void topicQueueB(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From TopicQueueB] body: " + message.toString());
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqTopicConfig.TOPIC_QUEUE_OTHER)
    public void topicQueueOther(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From TopicQueueOther] body: " + message.toString());
    }
}


@Autowired
private TopicProducer topicProducer;

@Test
public void testTopicExchange001() {
    // 消费者A B Other都能收到
    String routingKey = "topic.a";
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("topicExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to topicExchange");
    topicProducer.topicSendMessage(message, routingKey);
}

@Test
public void testTopicExchange002() {
    // 消费者B Other都能收到
    String routingKey = "topic.word001";
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("topicExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to topicExchange");
    topicProducer.topicSendMessage(message, routingKey);
}

@Test
public void testTopicExchange003() {
    // 消费者Other能收到
    String routingKey = "topic.word001.word002";
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("topicExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to topicExchange");
    topicProducer.topicSendMessage(message, routingKey);
}

topic是最灵活的方式, 可以根据routingKey自由的发送消息到绑定的不同队列. (#表示匹配多个词, *表示匹配一个词)

5.DirectExchange

@Component
public class RabbitmqDirectConfig {
    public static final String DIRECT_QUEUE_A = "direct_queue_a";
    public static final String DIRECT_QUEUE_B = "direct_queue_b";

    public static final String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "direct_exchange";

    public static final String DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY_A = "direct.a";
    public static final String DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY_B = "direct.#";

    @Bean
    public Queue directQueueA() {
        return new Queue(DIRECT_QUEUE_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue directQueueB() {
        return new Queue(DIRECT_QUEUE_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(DIRECT_EXCHANGE);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding001(Queue directQueueA, DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueueA).to(directExchange).with(DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding002(Queue directQueueB, DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueueB).to(directExchange).with(DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY_B);
    }
}

@Component
public class DirectProducer {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DirectProducer.class);

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void directSendMessage(Message message, String routingKey) {
        logger.info("[===========> DirectExchange Send Message] body: " + message.toString());
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqDirectConfig.DIRECT_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
    }
}

@Component
public class DirectConsumer {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DirectConsumer.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqDirectConfig.DIRECT_QUEUE_A)
    public void directQueueA(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From DirectQueueA] body: " + message.toString());
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqDirectConfig.DIRECT_QUEUE_B)
    public void directQueueB(Message message) {
        logger.info("[===========> Message From DirectQueueB] body: " + message.toString());
    }
}


@Autowired
private DirectProducer directProducer;

@Test
public void testDirectExchange001() {
    // 消费者A能收到
    String routingKey = "direct.a";
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("directExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to directExchange");
    directProducer.directSendMessage(message, routingKey);
}

@Test
public void testDirectExchange002() {
    // 谁都收不到
    String routingKey = "direct.b";
    Message message = new Message();
    message.setTitle("directExchange");
    message.setContent("send message to directExchange");
    directProducer.directSendMessage(message, routingKey);
}

direct是直接匹配, 没有什么可说的

6.总结

相对来说还是比较简单的, 更深入的文章会在后面 

源码 https://gitee.com/jsjack_wang/springboot-demo dev-rabbitmq分支