POJ 1988 Cube Stacking

Cube Stacking

Time Limit: 2000MS		Memory Limit: 30000K
Total Submissions: 18820		Accepted: 6530
Case Time Limit: 1000MS

Description

Farmer John and Betsy are playing a game with N (1 <= N <= 30,000)identical cubes labeled 1 through N. They start with N stacks, each containing a single cube. Farmer John asks Betsy to perform P (1<= P <= 100,000) operation. There are two types of operations: 
moves and counts. 
* In a move operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to move the stack containing cube X on top of the stack containing cube Y. 
* In a count operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to count the number of cubes on the stack with cube X that are under the cube X and report that value. 

Write a program that can verify the results of the game. 

Input

* Line 1: A single integer, P 

* Lines 2..P+1: Each of these lines describes a legal operation. Line 2 describes the first operation, etc. Each line begins with a 'M' for a move operation or a 'C' for a count operation. For move operations, the line also contains two integers: X and Y.For count operations, the line also contains a single integer: X. 

Note that the value for N does not appear in the input file. No move operation will request a move a stack onto itself. 

Output

Print the output from each of the count operations in the same order as the input file. 

Sample Input

6
M 1 6
C 1
M 2 4
M 2 6
C 3
C 4

Sample Output

1
0
2

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=100005;
int set[maxn];//set[k]为k所在栈的最底层元素
int cnt[maxn];//cnt[k]为k...set[k]的元素个数
int top[maxn];//top[k]为k所在栈的顶层元素
int main()
{
    int set_find(int x);
    void set_join(int x,int y);


    int p;//操作的次数
    cin>>p;


    ///初始化/
    memset(set,-1,sizeof(set));
    memset(cnt,0,sizeof(cnt));
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<maxn;i++)
        top[i]=i;//初始化top[],所有栈的栈顶元素为这个元素本身


    while(p--)//控制输入次数
    {
        char s;//操作控制字母
        cin>>s;


        if(s=='M')
        {
            int x,y;
            cin>>x>>y;
            set_join(x,y);//将包含元素x的元素移到包含元素y的栈顶
        }
        if(s=='C')
        {
            int x;//要求计算以x为栈顶元素的元素个数
            cin>>x;
            set_find(x);//计算包含x的栈中在x下的元素个数
            cout<<cnt[x]<<endl;
        }
    }
	return 0;   
}

//计算包含x的栈中在x下的元素个数
int set_find(int x)
{
    if(set[x]<0) //x下面没有其他元素
        return x;

    if(set[set[x]]>=0)//若set[x]下面还有元素，则调整x所在栈最下面的元素
    {
        int fa=set[x];//设fa为p的栈底元素
        set[x]=set_find(set[x]);//若set[x]下面还有元素，则调整x的栈底元素
        cnt[x]=cnt[fa]+cnt[x];//累加从fa到set[x]的的元素个数
    }
    return set[x];
}


/将x所在的栈移到y所在栈的栈顶
void set_join(int x,int y)
{
    x=set_find(x);//x为x所在栈的栈底元素
    y=set_find(y);//y为y所在栈的栈底元素

    set[x]=y;//将x栈移到y的栈顶，更新x的栈底元素
    set_find(top[y]);//刷新y所在栈原先的栈顶元素到y之间的元素个数
	cnt[x]=cnt[top[y]]+1;
    top[y]=top[x];//更新y的栈顶元素为x的栈顶元素
}