Android中实现百分比布局的方式

关于android中的百分比布局,网上有各种资料,自己看完后,在这里写了个demo总结了一下.

一,在布局中实现;

在网上看到的最多的就是这种方式:

<RelativeLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="40dp">

    <View android:id="@+id/strut"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignRight="@id/strut"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:text="Left"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="#00ffff"
        />
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@id/strut"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:text="Right"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="#00aaff"
        />
</RelativeLayout>

	不过这中方式只适用与两个控件,对于两个以上的控件,就有些力不从心了.

二. 在代码中实现:

	在onCreat方法中,	
ViewTreeObserver vto = rl1.getViewTreeObserver();
//可以获取到指定View的观察者，在绘制控件前的一刹那进行回调 保证能正确获取控件宽度
vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onPreDraw() {
        if (!isGetWeight){//标记  该方法会一致回调  保证这里只走一次
            int w = rl1.getWidth();
            Log.e("getWeight", "onCreate: ----" + w);
            tv1.setWidth(w/3);
            tv2.setWidth(w/3);
            tv3.setWidth(w/3);
            isGetWeight=true;
        }
        return true;
    }
});
这种方式主要是监听父控件,当父控件(rl1)绘制完成后,得到父控件的宽度,然后子控件(tv1,tv2,tv3)平分父控件的宽度.

三,自定义控件:

	
/**
 * Created by xtl1889 on 16-11-13.
 */
public class myRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout {
    public myRelativeLayout(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public myRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public myRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    /**
     * 重写测量方法
     */
    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // 父控件的宽高
        int width = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int height = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int count = this.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {// 循环迭代子控件
            View child = this.getChildAt(i);// 取出每一个子控件
            ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = child.getLayoutParams();
            float widthPercent = 0;
            float hightPercent = 0;
            if (lp instanceof myRelativeLayout.LayoutParams) {
                widthPercent = ((LayoutParams) lp).widthPercent;
                hightPercent = ((LayoutParams) lp).heightPercent;

            }
            Log.e("widthPercent", "onMeasure:---001- "+ widthPercent);
            if (widthPercent != 0) {
                // 父容器的宽*宽的百分比
                lp.width = (int) (width * widthPercent);
            }

            if (hightPercent != 0) {
                // 父容器的高*高的百分比
                lp.height = (int) (height * hightPercent);
            }
        }
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }


    /**
     * 重写对子控件布局方法
     */
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
    }

    /**
     * 重写对子控件布局属性进行获取解析
     */
    @Override
    public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
//      return super.generateLayoutParams(attrs);// 这里必须返回下面自定的LayoutParams
        return new LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
    }

    public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParams{

        private float widthPercent;
        private float heightPercent;

        public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {
            super(c, attrs);
            TypedArray a = c.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.precentRelativeLayout);
            widthPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.precentRelativeLayout_layout_widthPrecent, widthPercent);
            heightPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.precentRelativeLayout_layout_heightPrecent, heightPercent);
            Log.e("widthPercent", "LayoutParams: -----"+widthPercent );
            a.recycle();
        }

        public LayoutParams(int w, int h) {
            super(w, h);
        }

        public LayoutParams(android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams source) {
            super(source);
        }

        public LayoutParams(android.widget.RelativeLayout.LayoutParams source) {
            super(source);
        }

    }
}
	自定义属性:在attrs中定义:
	
<declare-styleable name= "precentRelativeLayout">
    <attr name="layout_widthPrecent" format="float"></attr>
    <attr name="layout_heightPrecent" format="float"></attr>
</declare-styleable>
四.百分比布局
	android中已经有了百分比控件,PercentRelativeLayout(其父类是RelativeLayout)和PercentFrameLayout.
	首先在build中添加:compile 'com.android.support:percent:22.2.0'
	其实方法三中的代码和PercentRelativeLayout的源码很相似.