JAVA学习-笔记02-STRAEM

Stream的创建

1、通过 java.util.Collection.stream() 方法用集合创建流
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c");
// 创建一个顺序流
Stream<String> stream = list.stream();
// 创建一个并行流
Stream<String> parallelStream = list.parallelStream();
除了直接创建并行流，还可以通过parallel()把顺序流转换成并行流
Optional<Integer> findFirst = list.stream().parallel().filter(x->x>6).findFirst();

2、使用java.util.Arrays.stream(T[] array)方法用数组创建流
int[] array={1,3,5,6,8};
IntStream stream = Arrays.stream(array);

3、使用Stream的静态方法：of()、iterate()、generate()
Stream<Integer> stream = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
stream.forEach(System.out::println);
Stream<Integer> stream2 = Stream.iterate(0, (x) -> x + 3).limit(4);
stream2.forEach(System.out::println);
Stream<Double> stream3 = Stream.generate(Math::random).limit(3);
stream3.forEach(System.out::println);

Stream的使用

1、遍历/匹配（foreach/find/match）
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(7, 6, 9, 3, 8, 2, 1);
// 遍历输出符合条件的元素
list.stream().forEach(System.out::println);
// 匹配第一个
Optional<Integer> findFirst = list.stream().findFirst();
// 匹配任意
Optional<Integer> findAny = list.parallelStream().findAny();
// 是否包含符合特定条件的元素
boolean anyMatch = list.stream().anyMatch(x -> x > 6);
System.out.println("匹配第一个值：" + findFirst.get());
System.out.println("匹配任意一个值：" + findAny.get());
System.out.println("是否存在大于6的值：" + anyMatch);

2、筛选（filter）
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(6, 7, 3, 8, 1, 2, 9);
Stream<Integer> stream = list.stream();
stream.filter(x -> x > 7).forEach(System.out::println);

3、聚合（max/min/count)
//获取String集合中最长的元素
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("adnm", "admmt", "pot", "xbangd", "weoujgsd");
Optional<String> max = list.stream().max(Comparator.comparing(String::length));
System.out.println("最长的字符串：" + max.get());
//获取Integer集合中的最大值
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(7, 6, 9, 4, 11, 6);
Optional<Integer> max = list.stream().max(Integer::compareTo);
Optional<Integer> max2 = list.stream().max((o1, o2) -> o2 - o1);
System.out.println("自然排序的最大值：" + max.get());
System.out.println("自定义排序的最大值：" + max2.get());
//获取员工薪资最高的人
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<Person>();
personList.add(new Person("Tom", 8900, 23, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Jack", 7000, 25, "male", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Lily", 7800, 21, "female", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Anni", 8200, 24, "female", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Owen", 9500, 25, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Alisa", 7900, 26, "female", "New York"));
Optional<Person> max = personList.stream().max(Comparator.comparingInt(Person::getSalary));
System.out.println("员工薪资最大值：" + max.get().getSalary());
//计算Integer集合中大于6的元素的个数
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(7, 6, 4, 8, 2, 11, 9);
long count = list.stream().filter(x -> x > 6).count();
System.out.println("list中大于6的元素个数：" + count);

4、映射(map/flatMap)
//英文字符串数组的元素全部改为大写。整数数组每个元素+3
String[] strArr = { "abcd", "bcdd", "defde", "fTr" };
List<String> strList = Arrays.stream(strArr).map(String::toUpperCase).collect(Collectors.toList());
List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11);
List<Integer> intListNew = intList.stream().map(x -> x + 3).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("每个元素大写：" + strList);
System.out.println("每个元素+3：" + intListNew);
//将两个字符数组合并成一个新的字符数组
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("m,k,l,a", "1,3,5,7");
List<String> listNew = list.stream().flatMap(s -> Arrays.stream(s.split(","))).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("处理前的集合：" + list);
System.out.println("处理后的集合：" + listNew);

5、归约(reduce)
//求Integer集合的元素之和、乘积和最大值
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 2, 8, 11, 4);
Optional<Integer> sum = list.stream().reduce((x, y) -> x + y);
Optional<Integer> sum2 = list.stream().reduce(Integer::sum);
Integer sum3 = list.stream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
Optional<Integer> product = list.stream().reduce((x, y) -> x * y);
Optional<Integer> max = list.stream().reduce((x, y) -> x > y ? x : y);
Integer max2 = list.stream().reduce(1, Integer::max);
System.out.println("list求和：" + sum.get() + "," + sum2.get() + "," + sum3);
System.out.println("list求积：" + product.get());
System.out.println("list求最大值：" + max.get() + "," + max2);

6、收集(collect)
List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11);
List<Integer> intListNew = intList.stream().map(x -> x + 3).collect(Collectors.toList());

7、归集(toList/toSet/toMap)
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 6, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 6, 20);
List<Integer> listNew = list.stream().filter(x -> x % 2 == 0).collect(Collectors.toList());
Set<Integer> set = list.stream().filter(x -> x % 2 == 0).collect(Collectors.toSet());
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<Person>();
personList.add(new Person("Tom", 8900, 23, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Jack", 7000, 25, "male", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Lily", 7800, 21, "female", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Anni", 8200, 24, "female", "New York"));
Map<?, Person> map = personList.stream().filter(p -> p.getSalary() > 8000).collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName, p -> p));
System.out.println("toList:" + listNew);
System.out.println("toSet:" + set);
System.out.println("toMap:" + map);

array_column(二维数组,null,"xxx") ==》 二维数组.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(ShopGoodsSkuDto::getXXX, Function.identity()));
array_column(二维数组,"yyy","xxx") ==》二维数组.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(ShopGoodsSkuDto::getXXX, ShopGoodsSkuDto::getYYY));
array_column(二维数组,"yyy")  ==》二维数组.stream().map(x -> x.getXXX).collect(Collectors.toList());

8、统计(count/averaging)
计数：count
平均值：averagingInt、averagingLong、averagingDouble
最值：maxBy、minBy
求和：summingInt、summingLong、summingDouble
统计以上所有：summarizingInt、summarizingLong、summarizingDouble
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<Person>();
personList.add(new Person("Tom", 8900, 23, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Jack", 7000, 25, "male", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Lily", 7800, 21, "female", "Washington"));
Long count = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.counting());
Double average = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingDouble(Person::getSalary));
Optional<Integer> max = personList.stream().map(Person::getSalary).collect(Collectors.maxBy(Integer::compare));
Integer sum = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.summingInt(Person::getSalary));
DoubleSummaryStatistics collect = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.summarizingDouble(Person::getSalary));
System.out.println("员工总数：" + count);
System.out.println("员工平均工资：" + average);
System.out.println("员工工资总和：" + sum);
System.out.println("员工工资所有统计：" + collect);

9、分组(partitioningBy/groupingBy)
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<Person>();
personList.add(new Person("Tom", 8900, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Jack", 7000, "male", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Lily", 7800, "female", "Washington"));
personList.add(new Person("Anni", 8200, "female", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Owen", 9500, "male", "New York"));
personList.add(new Person("Alisa", 7900, "female", "New York"));
Map<Boolean, List<Person>> part = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(x -> x.getSalary() > 8000));
Map<String, List<Person>> group = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getSex));
Map<String, Map<String, List<Person>>> group2 = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getSex, Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getArea)));
System.out.println("员工按薪资是否大于8000分组情况：" + part);
System.out.println("员工按性别分组情况：" + group);
System.out.println("员工按性别、地区：" + group2);

10、接合(joining)
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");
String string = list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining("-"));
System.out.println("拼接后的字符串：" + string);

11、排序(sorted)
sorted，中间操作。有两种排序：
sorted()：自然排序，流中元素需实现Comparable接口
sorted(Comparator com)：Comparator排序器自定义排序
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 6, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 6, 20);
Stream<Integer> sorted = list.stream().sorted();
sorted.forEach(System.out::println);
List<String> list2 = Arrays.asList("adnm", "admmt", "pot", "xbangd", "weoujgsd");
Stream<String> sorted2 = list2.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(String::length));
sorted2.forEach(System.out::println);

12、提取/组合
流也可以进行合并、去重、限制、跳过等操作
String[] arr1 = { "a", "b", "c", "d" };
String[] arr2 = { "d", "e", "f", "g" };
Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of(arr1);
Stream<String> stream2 = Stream.of(arr2);
List<String> newList = Stream.concat(stream1, stream2).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
List<Integer> collect = Stream.iterate(1, x -> x + 2).limit(10).collect(Collectors.toList());
List<Integer> collect2 = Stream.iterate(1, x -> x + 2).skip(1).limit(5).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("流合并：" + newList);
System.out.println("limit：" + collect);
System.out.println("skip：" + collect2);