struts2校验（2）

Struts2提供了一种基于框架的校验方式，将校验规则保存在特定文件中，使Action和校验分离，从而提高系统的可维护性和可扩展性。

• 定义校验规则

Struts2扩家通过杜集区校验文件中定义的验证规则对输入数据进行校验，校验文件需要和Action类在相同的目录下。文件名为：ActionName-validation.xml或者ActionName-alias-validation.xml。如Action类为：loginAction，在struts.xml文件中的配置名字为login。则校验文件为：LoginAction-validateion.xml或者LoginAction-login-validation.xml，并且该校验文件应该和LoginAction.java放在同一个目录下。

• 字段校验器配置

Struts2提供两种方式来配置校验规则：字段校验器配置飞哥和非字段校验器。这两种风格的配置没有本质的区别，只是元素组织规则的方式和关注点不同。

字段校验先指定哪个字段要校验，再指定哪些校验器来校验该字段；非字段校验先指定校验器，再来指定用该校验器校验哪些字段，该方式也别称为全局字段校验。

字段校验器配置风格

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" 
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
	<!-- 被校验的字段userName -->
	<field name="userName">
		<!-- 校验器类型名 requiredString -->
		<field-validator type="requiredstring">
			<!-- 校验失败时的错误信息提示 -->
			<message key="userName">用户名不能为空</message>
		</field-validator>
		<field-validator type="stringlength">
			<!-- 校验时的参数名minLength与参数值4 -->
			<param name="minLength">4</param>
			<param name="maxLength">20</param>
			<message>用户姓名的长度为${minLength}到${maxLength}之间</message>
		</field-validator>
	</field>
</validators>

非字段校验器配置风格

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312" ?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" 
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
	<!-- 校验器类型名 requiredString -->
	<validator type="stringlength">
		<!-- 被校验的字段userName -->
		<param name="fieldName">userName</param>
		<!-- 校验时的参数名minLength与参数值4 -->
		<param name="minLength">4</param>
		<param name="maxLength">20</param>
		<message>用户姓名的长度为${minLength}到${maxLength}之间</message>
	</validator>
	<validator type="requiredstring">
		<param name="fieldName">userName</param>
		<message>用户名不能为空</message>
	</validator>
</validators>

• 国际化校验配置

/src下创建国际化资源文件

globalMessages_zh_CN.properties

userName=\u56FD\u9645\u5316\u4FE1\u606F\uFF1A\u8054\u7CFB\u4EBA\u540D\u79F0\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A\uFF01

struts.xml配置国际化参数

<constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="globalMessages" />

在message标签中如下定义

<message key="userName"></message>

• 基本数据类型的检验实例

通过以下的实例可知。

1.strus2的校验顺序为：Struts2框架首先检索父类Action,然后检索子类Action。在检索Action类时，先搜素Action-validation.xml文件，然后搜素ActionName-alials-validation.xml文件。

2.基本的校验规则如何书写。

FatherAction.java

package action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class FatherAction extends ActionSupport{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5698419467157626756L;
	
	private String fatherName;
	private int fatherAge;

	public String getFatherName() {
		return fatherName;
	}

	public void setFatherName(String fatherName) {
		this.fatherName = fatherName;
	}

	public int getFatherAge() {
		return fatherAge;
	}

	public void setFatherAge(int fatherAge) {
		this.fatherAge = fatherAge;
	}

	public String execute() {
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

SonAction.java

package action;

public class SonAction extends FatherAction{

	private String sonName;
	private int sonAge;
	public String getSonName() {
		return sonName;
	}
	public void setSonName(String sonName) {
		this.sonName = sonName;
	}
	public int getSonAge() {
		return sonAge;
	}
	public void setSonAge(int sonAge) {
		this.sonAge = sonAge;
	}
	public String execute(){
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

FatherAction-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

<validators>
	<field name="fatherName">
		<field-validator type="requiredstring">
			<message>FatherAction:fatherName不能为空！</message>
		</field-validator>
	</field>
</validators>

FatherAction-order-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
	<field name="fatherAge">
		<field-validator type="int">
			<param name="min">25</param>
			<param name="max">100</param>
			<message>FatherAction-order:fatherAge为${min}-${max}之间</message>
		</field-validator>
	</field>
</validators>

SonAction-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" 
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
	<field name="sonName">
		<field-validator type="requiredstring">
			<message>SonAction:sonName不能为空！</message>
		</field-validator>
	</field>
</validators>

SonAction-order-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">

<validators>
	<field name="sonAge">
		<field-validator type="int">
		<param name="min">1</param>
		<param name="max">75</param>
			<message>SonAction-order:sonAge为${min}-${max}之间</message>
		</field-validator>
	</field>
</validators>

struts.xml配置

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
	<constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="globalMessages" />
	<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
		<action name="order" class="action.SonAction">
			<result name="success">/fatherSon.jsp</result>
			<result name="input">/fatherSon.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

fathSon.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
	<head>

		<title>校验顺序</title>

		<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

	</head>

	<body >
		<jsp:include page="index.html"></jsp:include>
		<s:fielderror></s:fielderror>
		<s:form action="order">
			<s:textfield name="fatherName" label="父类名称" />
			<s:textfield name="sonAge" label="子类年龄" />
			<s:textfield name="fatherAge" label="父类年龄" />
			<s:textfield name="sonName" label="子类名称" />
			<s:submit value="提交"></s:submit>
		</s:form>

	</body>
</html>