Given a binary search tree (BST) with duplicates, find all the mode(s) (the most frequently occurred element) in the given BST.
Assume a BST is defined as follows:
- The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than or equal to the node's key.
- The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than or equal to the node's key.
- Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.
For example:
Given BST [1,null,2,2]
,
1 \ 2 / 2
return [2]
.
Note: If a tree has more than one mode, you can return them in any order.
Follow up: Could you do that without using any extra space? (Assume that the implicit stack space incurred due to recursion does not count).
思路:因为可能有多个个数相同的元素且频率最大,所以搜索两遍:第一遍判断有几个元素是个数最大的(1或者n),方便最后返回结果;第二遍把个数最大的元素保存下来。
由于空间复杂度有限制,所以采用Morris Traversal(线索二叉树)遍历二叉树,这样不适用额外的空间(普通递归或非递归遍历使用栈O(n))。
空间复杂度:O(1)
时间复杂度:O(n)。(因为Morris Traversal时间复杂度是O(n))
Morris Traversal 可以看这篇:http://www.cnblogs.com/AnnieKim/archive/2013/06/15/MorrisTraversal.html
写的听明白的,也不复杂