loading黑马程序员之网络编程：聊天（3-1）

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所谓socket通常也称作"套接字"，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄。应用程序通常通过"套接字"向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。 

Socket是网络上运行的两个程序间双向通讯的一端，它既可以接受请求，也可以发送请求，利用它可以较为方便的编写网络上的数据的传递。在java中，有专门的socket类来处理用户的请求和响应。利用SOCKET类的方法，就可以实现两台计算机之间的通讯。这里就介绍一下在JAVA中如何利用socket进行网络编程。

在Java中Socket可以理解为客户端或者服务器端的一个特殊的对象，这个对象有两个关键的方法，一个是getInputStream方法，另一个是getOutputStream方法。getInputStream方法可以得到一个输入流，客户端的Socket对象上的getInputStream方法得到的输入流其实就是从服务器端发回的数据流。GetOutputStream方法得到一个输出流，客户端Socket对象上的getOutputStream方法返回的输出流就是将要发送到服务器端的数据流，（其实是一个缓冲区，暂时存储将要发送过去的数据）。

UDP实现：

package com.heima.net;


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;


/**
 * 用udp编写一个聊天程序
 * 多线程：发送和接受数据
 */
public class ChatDemo {


public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
DatagramSocket sendSocket = new DatagramSocket();
DatagramSocket receSocket = new DatagramSocket(10004, InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.103"));
new Thread(new Send(sendSocket)).start();
new Thread(new Rece(receSocket)).start();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}


}


//发送线程
class Send implements Runnable{
private DatagramSocket ds;
public Send(DatagramSocket ds){
this.ds = ds;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
if ("886".equals(line)) {
break;
}
byte[] buf = line.getBytes();
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length,
//255是群发，192.168.1.1~192.168.1.254之间的所有ip都可以接受
InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.255"), 10002);
ds.send(dp);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}


//接受线程
class Rece implements Runnable{

private DatagramSocket ds;
public Rece(DatagramSocket ds){
this.ds = ds;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
while(true){
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
ds.receive(dp);
String ip =dp.getAddress().getHostName();
int port = dp.getPort();
String data = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
System.out.println(ip+"的"+port+"端口，发来了电报："+data);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}

TCP实现

package com.heima.net;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

public class SocketDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		try {
			// 1.创建客户端的socket服务,建立和主机，端口的socket流
			Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10006);
			new Thread(new Read(socket)).start();
			new Thread(new Write(socket)).start();
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

}

class Read implements Runnable {

	private Socket socket;

	public Read(Socket socket) {
		this.socket = socket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		// 3.得到数据
		try {
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
			String line = null;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				System.out.println("服务器" + socket.getInetAddress().getHostName()
						+ "端口:" + socket.getPort() + "发来了报文："+line);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

class Write implements Runnable {

	private Socket socket;

	public Write(Socket socket) {
		this.socket = socket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		BufferedReader br = null;
		try {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			//BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
			//printWriter的优势：
			//1.字节和字符流都可以接受
			//2.自动换行和刷新缓冲流
			PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);
			String line = null;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				if("exit".equals(line))break;
				out.println(line);
			}
			socket.shutdownOutput();
			// 流是通过socket创建的，关闭socket，流也被关闭的
			socket.close();//关闭后返回-1
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				br.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

	}

}

package com.heima.net;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerSocketDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		try {
			// 1.创建socket服务，并监听端口
			ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
			// 2.获取连接的客户端对象,没有连接就会阻塞
			Socket socket = ss.accept();
			new Thread(new ServerRead(socket)).start();
			new Thread(new ServerWrite(socket)).start();
			// 关闭客户端连接
			 //socket.close();
			// 4.关闭【一般服务器不关】
			// ss.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

class ServerRead implements Runnable {

	private Socket socket;

	public ServerRead(Socket socket) {
		this.socket = socket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
					socket.getInputStream()));
			String line = null;
			System.out.println(br.readLine());
			//readLine()读到回车符结束
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				System.out.println("客户端"
						+ socket.getInetAddress().getHostName() + "端口:"
						+ socket.getPort() + "发来了报文：" + line);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

class ServerWrite implements Runnable {

	private Socket socket;

	public ServerWrite(Socket socket) {
		this.socket = socket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		BufferedReader br = null;
		try {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);
			String line = null;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				if ("exit".equals(line))
					break;
				out.println(line);
			}
			socket.shutdownOutput();
			//socket.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				br.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

}

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