一个简答的生产者-消费者多线程模型

1

生产者消费者模型

?

1	同一段代码，分别设置produce和consumer的频率(通过sleep的长短控制)。

?

1	第一种情况produce后，sleep( 500 ),consumer后，sleep( 100 ),也就是取消息快，生产消息慢。这种情况正常。代码如下

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

package test;   import java.util.Vector;   public class Producer extends Thread {      static final int MAXQUEUE = 5 ;      private Vector messages = new Vector();         @Override      public void run()      {          try          {              while ( true )              {                  putMessage(); //                  sleep( 500 );              }          } catch (InterruptedException e)          {          }      }         public synchronized void putMessage() throws InterruptedException      {          while (messages.size()== MAXQUEUE)          {              System.out.println( "messages full,wait......" );              wait();          }          String element = new java.util.Date().toString();          messages.addElement(element);          System.out.println( "put message: " +element+ ";size:" +messages.size());          notify(); //Later, when the necessary event happens, the thread that is running it calls notify() from a block synchronized on the same object.      }             // Called by Consumer      public synchronized String getMessage() throws InterruptedException      {         String message = null ;         while (messages.size()== 0 )          {             System.out.println( "messages empty,wait......" );             wait();          }          //By executing wait() from a synchronized block, a thread gives up its hold on the lock and goes to sleep.}          message =(String) messages.firstElement();          messages.removeElement(message);          System.out.println( "get message: " +message+ ";size:" +messages.size());          return message;        }            public static void main(String args[])      {          Producer producer = new Producer();          producer.start();          new Consumer (producer).start();      }    } class Consumer  extends Thread {      Producer producer;      Consumer (Producer p)      {          producer = p;      }         @Override      public void run()      {          try          {              while ( true )              {                  String message = producer.getMessage();                  //System.out.println("get message: "+ message);                  sleep( 100 );              }          } catch (InterruptedException e)          {              e.printStackTrace();          }      } }

运行结果：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 19 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 19 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 19 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 19 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 20 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 20 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 20 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 20 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 21 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 21 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 21 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 21 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 22 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 22 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 22 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 22 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 23 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 23 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 23 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 23 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 24 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 24 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait...... put message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 24 CST 2016 ;size: 1 get message: Wed Feb 17 14 : 24 : 24 CST 2016 ;size: 0 messages empty,wait......

2、第二种情况，把两个sleep的时间调换下，也就是produce后，sleep(100),consumer后，sleep(500),也就是取消息慢，生产消息快。这种情况就出现了问题，如果队列满了，produce线程等待，consumer线程取完消息就hang住了，线程全部挂住了。运行结果如下：

put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:1
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:0
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:1
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:2
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:3
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:4
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:3
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:01 CST 2016;size:4
put message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:01 CST 2016;size:5
messages full,wait......
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:4
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:3
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:00 CST 2016;size:2
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:01 CST 2016;size:1
get message: Wed Feb 17 14:27:01 CST 2016;size:0
messages empty,wait......
运行到这里就结束了，后面没有输出了

分析后，感觉应该和wait、notify有关系。

第二种情况下，生产消息快，队列慢了后就wait(),consumer线程取消息，直到队列空了之后，consumer线程只有一个wait(),并没有类似于notify的机制去通知produce线程，导致一直挂起；

而第一种情况下，取消息快，放消息慢，不存在队列满，队列只会空。队列空了后，consumer线程就wait()，等produce线程放入消息后，就会notify

还没想到解决办法，有哪个大神看出问题来就给个解答吧。

问题解决了，getMessage()函数改为如下：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

public synchronized String getMessage() throws InterruptedException     {        String message = null ;        while (messages.size()== 0 )         {            System.out.println( "messages empty,wait......" );            notify();            return null ;         }         //By executing wait() from a synchronized block, a thread gives up its hold on the lock and goes to sleep.}         message =(String) messages.firstElement();         messages.removeElement(message);         System.out.println( "get message: " +message+ ";size:" +messages.size());         return message;       }