Spinner使用方法

Android中的Spinner和VC中的列表框很类似。这里做个小例子，是为笔记。

示例效果

下拉的效果：

布局文件

Activity的布局my_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
            android:text="@string/spinner_hint" />

        <Spinner
            android:id="@+id/spinner"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"/>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/result_hint"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
            android:text="@string/result_hint" />

        <!-- android:hint="@string/result" -->
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/result"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:inputType="none"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"/>

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

Spinner显示的布局spinner_layout.xml

这里直接简化了，显示一个简单的TextView。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/calculate_result"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"/>

</LinearLayout>

注：可以增加padding属性，优化显示效果。如：

<!-- 
android:layout_marginBottom="6dip" 
android:layout_marginLeft="10dip" 
android:layout_marginTop="6dip" 
android:layout_marginRight="2dip" 
-->

<!-- 
android:paddingBottom="3dip"
android:paddingEnd="4dip"
android:paddingStart="4dip"
android:paddingTop="3dip" 
-->

代码

省略一些自动生成的代码。

public static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

private int[] values = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9};

private Spinner spinner = null;
private EditText result = null;
private TextView result_hint = null;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);

    spinner = (Spinner) this.findViewById(R.id.spinner);
    spinner.setAdapter(new MySpinnerAdapter());
    spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {

        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                int position, long id) {
            int value = values[position];
            int cal_result = value * value;
            result.setText("" + cal_result);

            result_hint.setText(value + " * " + value + "=");
        }

        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
        }

    });

    result = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.result);
    result.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);  
    result.setTextColor(Color.GRAY); 

    result_hint = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.result_hint);
}

private class MySpinnerAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    public int getCount() {
        return values.length;
    }

    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return values[position];
    }

    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        if (convertView == null) {
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this)
                    .inflate(R.layout.spinner_layout,
                    null);
        }

        TextView textView = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.calculate_result);
        textView.setText("" + values[position]);

        return convertView;
    }

}

要点

• 在布局文件中增加Spinner
• 为Spinner定义一个布局文件
• 为Spinner定义一个Adapter，实现数据和视图的映射（MVC）
• 为Spinner定义事件处理，通常即为OnItemSelectedListener。

ArrayAdapter

使用场景

在上面的例子中，使用的数据源是一个数组，而且只是让每个数字显示在Spinner的layout（spinner_layout.xml）的一个TextView中。

对于这种情况，直接使用ArrayAdapter以及android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item就够了。但需要修改values的类型为Integer[]：

private Integer[] values = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9};

适配器部分改为：

spinner = (Spinner) this.findViewById(R.id.spinner);

ArrayAdapter<Integer> arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<Integer>(this, 
        android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,
        values);
arrayAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(
    android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

//spinner.setAdapter(new MySpinnerAdapter());

simple_spinner_item

android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item是Android平台提供的，定义如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
/* //device/apps/common/assets/res/any/layout/simple_spinner_item.xml
**
** Copyright 2006, The Android Open Source Project
**
** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 
** You may obtain a copy of the License at 
**
**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
**
** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 
** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 
** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 
** limitations under the License.
*/
-->
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:id="@android:id/text1"
    style="?android:attr/spinnerItemStyle"
    android:singleLine="true"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:ellipsize="marquee"
    android:textAlignment="inherit"/>

simple_spinner_dropdown_item

R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item也是Android平台定义的，如下：

<CheckedTextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:id="@android:id/text1"
    style="?android:attr/spinnerDropDownItemStyle"
    android:singleLine="true"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="?android:attr/dropdownListPreferredItemHeight"
    android:ellipsize="marquee"
    android:textAlignment="inherit"/>