学一点,记一点。
要点
- 一组Radio Button放到一个Radio Group中;
- 如果Radio Button很多,就考虑是否Spinner更合适
- 事件处理有多种方式,如RadioGroup的OnCheckedChangeListener。
示例
效果
功能
选择某一个Radio Button之后,下面一个TextView显示选择结果。
布局文件 my_layout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<RadioGroup
android:id="@+id/radio_group"
android:layout_width="457dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_first"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:checked="true"
android:text="@string/first" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_second"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/second" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_third"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/third" />
</RadioGroup>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/select_result"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
代码
省略掉自动生成的代码。
private RadioGroup radioGroup = null;
private TextView textView = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);
radioGroup = (RadioGroup) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_group);
textView = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.select_result);
textView.setText(getSelectedInfo());
radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() {
public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
textView.setText(getSelectedInfo(checkedId));
}
});
}
private String getSelectedInfo() {
int checkedId = radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId();
return getSelectedInfo(checkedId);
}
private String getSelectedInfo(int checkedId) {
String selected = "Unknown selection!";
switch (checkedId) {
case R.id.radio_first:
selected = "First was selected.";
break;
case R.id.radio_second:
selected = "Second was selected.";
break;
case R.id.radio_third:
selected = "Third was selected.";
break;
default:
break;
}
return selected;
}
事件处理
上面的示例是为RadioGroup对象注册OnCheckedChangeListener。此外,还可以直接为每个Radio Button注册listener。接下来详细描述。
RadioButton事件处理
可以为Radio Button注册CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener。
代码一
private RadioButton firstRadio = null;
private RadioButton secondRadio = null;
private RadioButton thirdRadio = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);
firstRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_first);
secondRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_second);
thirdRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_third);
firstRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new MyListener("First"));
secondRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new MyListener("Second"));
thirdRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new MyListener("Third"));
}
private class MyListener implements CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener {
private String radioName = null;
public MyListener(String theRadioName) {
radioName = theRadioName;
}
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,
boolean isChecked) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, radioName + " checked:" + isChecked, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
实际运行发现,被选中的Radio Button会先处理,显示:xxx checked: true;失去焦点的Radio Button之后处理,显示:xxx checked: false。
注意到,这里通过ctor传入一个标识符,说明当前的事件处理是哪个Radio Button的。显然,这种方式的通用性并不好。
代码二
下面是等价的一种方式:
private RadioButton firstRadio = null;
private RadioButton secondRadio = null;
private RadioButton thirdRadio = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);
firstRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_first);
secondRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_second);
thirdRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_third);
MyListener listener = new MyListener();
firstRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(listener);
secondRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(listener);
thirdRadio.setOnCheckedChangeListener(listener);
}
private String getRadioName(int id) {
switch (id) {
case R.id.radio_first: return "First";
case R.id.radio_second: return "Second";
case R.id.radio_third: return "Third";
default: return "Unknown";
}
}
private class MyListener implements CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener {
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,
boolean isChecked) {
String radioName = getRadioName(buttonView.getId());
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, radioName + " checked:" + isChecked, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
xml中定义事件
在docs/guide/topics/ui/controls/radiobutton.html中提到在xml中定义Radio Button的事件处理。
xml
在每个RadioButton中增加一个属性:
android:onClick="onRadioButtonClicked"
即变成下面的样子:
<RadioGroup
android:id="@+id/radio_group"
android:layout_width="457dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_first"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:checked="true"
android:text="@string/first"
android:onClick="onRadioButtonClicked" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_second"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/second"
android:onClick="onRadioButtonClicked" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/radio_third"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/third"
android:onClick="onRadioButtonClicked" />
</RadioGroup>
代码
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);
}
private String getRadioName(int id) {
switch (id) {
case R.id.radio_first: return "First";
case R.id.radio_second: return "Second";
case R.id.radio_third: return "Third";
default: return "Unknown";
}
}
public void onRadioButtonClicked(View view) {
boolean checked = ((RadioButton) view).isChecked();
String radioName = getRadioName(view.getId());
Toast.makeText(this, radioName + " checked:" + checked,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
运行效果
当选中某个Radio Button的时候,会触发事件。失去焦点的不会触发事件,——因为是OnClick类型的事件,而不是OnCheckedChanged。
所以,这种方法比前一种要简洁得多。
在代码中注册OnClickListener
另外一种等价方式就是直接在代码中为RadioButton注册OnClickListener对象。
为此,在xml中删除前面添加的属性,然后代码改成如下的样子:
private RadioButton firstRadio = null;
private RadioButton secondRadio = null;
private RadioButton thirdRadio = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_layout);
OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
boolean checked = ((RadioButton) view).isChecked();
String radioName = getRadioName(view.getId());
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, radioName + " checked:" + checked,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
firstRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_first);
secondRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_second);
thirdRadio = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radio_third);
firstRadio.setOnClickListener(listener);
secondRadio.setOnClickListener(listener);
thirdRadio.setOnClickListener(listener);
}
private String getRadioName(int id) {
switch (id) {
case R.id.radio_first: return "First";
case R.id.radio_second: return "Second";
case R.id.radio_third: return "Third";
default: return "Unknown";
}
}
对比分析
以下两种方法比较好:
- 为Radio Group注册OnCheckedChangeListener
- 为Radio Button注册OnClickListener
注意点:OnXyzListener会在不同的class中存在,有时候需要认真区分,必要情况下用ClassName.OnXyzListener的方式来引用。