源码角度分析View是如何通过LayoutInflater渲染布局的

一.概述：LayoutInflater 布局渲染器,根据layout生成一个View 通俗的讲就是将我们layout中的xml文件转换成我们的代码中的view.

二.常用的方法：
 1.inflater.from(this).inflate(resource, root);
 2.inflater.from(this).inflate(resource, root, attachToRoot);

 参数解析：  
  a.int       resource          我们所需要渲染的layout的id
  b.ViewGroup root         一个容器：这个容器的作用究竟是什么？看源码：

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

第8行和第12行我们找到了答案：为layout提供LayoutParams用于确定layout的大小。

为什么要提供LayoutParams：因为view在onMeasure()确定自己的大小的时候需要父容器ViewGroup提供一个相应的LayoutParams来确定子View的大小。

一句话：父容器影响子View的大小。这个可以在onMeasure（）中充分的体会到

 c.boolean   attachToRoot 是否将我们所渲染的布局添加的root里面，也就是说 是否给我们渲染的布局添加一个父容器(root)，添加为父容器之后就不需要为ziview提供LayoutParams了

三.渲染流程

public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        final Resources res = getContext().getResources();
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.d(TAG, "INFLATING from resource: \"" + res.getResourceName(resource) + "\" ("
                    + Integer.toHexString(resource) + ")");
        }

        final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

第2行,获取资源对象,第8行根绝layout资源id得到对应的xml资源解析器，第10行，调用inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);生成View 并返回。

我们继续来分析inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);方法：

 public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

            final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
            View result = root;

            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }

                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }

                final String name = parser.getName();
                
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }

                    rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }

                    // Inflate all children under temp against its context.
                    rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }

                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(
                        parser.getPositionDescription()
                                + ": " + e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
            }

            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

            return result;
        }
}

第6行获取我们布局的属性(这里可以提醒一下大家 我们可以自定义LayoutInflater，获取view的自定义属性值)：

final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

然后获取xml中的标签名字调用createViewFromTag方法（第42行）生成root view：

final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

第65行渲染所有的子view：

rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);

继续来分析 createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);方法：

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
            boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
        if (name.equals("view")) {
            name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
        }

        // Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.
        if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {
            final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
            final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
            if (themeResId != 0) {
                context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
            }
            ta.recycle();
        }

        if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {
            // Let's party like it's 1995!
            return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);
        }

        try {
            View view;
            if (mFactory2 != null) {
                view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            } else if (mFactory != null) {
                view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
            } else {
                view = null;
            }

            if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {
                view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            }

            if (view == null) {
                final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
                mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
                try {
                    if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
                        view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                    } else {
                        view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                    }
                } finally {
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                }
            }

            return view;
        } catch (InflateException e) {
            throw e;

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                    + ": Error inflating class " + name);
            ie.initCause(e);
            throw ie;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                    + ": Error inflating class " + name);
            ie.initCause(e);
            throw ie;
        }
    }

看到这里我们会发现在try代码片中 会出现几个Factory对象，如果某一个Factory不为空就根据该Factory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);方法渲染创建view ，看了一下这几个Factory默认都是为空的，也就是说我们可以自定义自己的Factory来用自己的逻辑解析xml。如果所有的Factory都是null就（第41的onCreateView（）或者43行的createView）调用系统的方法创建view。最后我们发现 第41行最后还是调用的第43行方法的实现执行的，看：

View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)

这里就是我们最终的类的解析方法了，看源码我们是通过反射实现的，prefix这个参数就是我们标签的前缀，通过他和标签名字name拼接之后在反射创建我们的View类，再看

 void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs,
            boolean finishInflate, boolean inheritContext) {
	    
	     final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs, inheritContext);
             final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
             final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
             rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true, true);
             viewGroup.addView(view, params);
	    
 }

看第4行这里依然调用了createViewFromTag()方法,第7行却调用了自己，这里有没有很激动，两个字 递归搞定，最后我们回过头来总结一下究竟如何实现自定义的LayoutFlater：

1. 创建XXXFlater继承LayoutInflater。

2.在XXXFlater中创建自己的XXXFactory implements LayoutInflater.Factory
3.可以在构造方法中调用setFactory（）将我们自己的factory设置给XXXFlater

4.最后实现XXXFactory.onCreateView(String name, Context context,AttributeSet attrs)方法