java对redis的基本操作

1、程序基本结构

2、RedisClient类

package com.redis;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.SortingParams;
/**
 * java对redis的基本操作
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class RedisClient {
	
	
	/**
	 *  1.添加缓存的时候用ShardedJedisPool,为什么不用JedisPool?
	 *  2.这两个对象有什么区别.为什么很多例子都是JedisPool进行删除.用ShardedJedisPool进行添加(ShardedJedisPool没有删除方法)?
	 *  3.JedisPool(非切片链接池)和ShardedJedisPool(切片链接池)有什么区别?
	 *  
	 *  原因：JedisPool连一台Redis,ShardedJedisPool连Redis集群,通过一致性哈希算法决定把数据存到哪台上,算是一种客户端负载均衡,所以添加是用这个(Redis 3.0之后支持服务端负载均衡).
	 *  删除那个问题的答案就显而易见了，总不可能随机找一个Redis服务端去删吧.
	 */
	
	private Jedis jedis;//非切片额客户端连接
	private JedisPool jedisPool;//非切片连接池
	private ShardedJedis shardedJedis;//切片额客户端连接
	private ShardedJedisPool shardedJedisPool;//切片连接池
	
	
	public RedisClient(){
		initialPool();//初始化非切片连接池
		initialShardedPool();//初始化切片连接池
		
		jedis = jedisPool.getResource();//从非切片池中获取实例
		shardedJedis = shardedJedisPool.getResource();//从切片池中获取切片实例
		
		
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 初始化非切片连接池
	 */
	private void initialPool(){
		
		//池基本配置
		JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
		config.setMaxActive(20);// 最大连接数 
		config.setMaxIdle(5);// 最大空闲连接数
		config.setMaxWait(10001); //获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数
		config.setTestOnBorrow(false); //在空闲时检查有效性, 默认false
		
		jedisPool = new JedisPool(config, "127.0.0.1", 6379);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 初始化切片连接池
	 */
	private void initialShardedPool(){
		
		//池基本配置
		JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
		config.setMaxActive(20);
		config.setMaxIdle(5);
		config.setMaxWait(10001);
		config.setTestOnBorrow(false);
		
		//slave连接,这里实现了集群的功能,配置多个redis服务实现请求的分配进行负载均衡
		List<JedisShardInfo> shards = new ArrayList<JedisShardInfo>();
		shards.add(new JedisShardInfo("127.0.0.1",6379,"master"));
//		shards.add(new JedisShardInfo("192.168.0.106",6379,"master"));
//      shards.add(new JedisShardInfo("192.168.0.100",6379,"master"));
        //构造池
        shardedJedisPool = new ShardedJedisPool(config, shards);
	}
	
	
	
	
	public void show(){
//		KeyOperate(); 
//        StringOperate(); 
        ListOperate(); 
        SetOperate();
        SortedSetOperate();
        HashOperate(); 
        jedisPool.returnResource(jedis);//释放连接池
        shardedJedisPool.returnResource(shardedJedis);//释放连接池
	}
	
	
	
	/**
	 * key功能
	 */
	private void KeyOperate(){
		System.out.println("======================key=========================="); 
        //清空数据 
        System.out.println("清空库中所有数据："+jedis.flushDB());
        //判断key否存在 
        System.out.println("判断key999键是否存在："+shardedJedis.exists("key999")); 
        System.out.println("新增key001,value001键值对："+shardedJedis.set("key001", "value001")); 
        System.out.println("判断key001是否存在："+shardedJedis.exists("key001"));
        //输出系统中所有的key
        System.out.println("新增key002,value002键值对："+shardedJedis.set("key002", "value002"));
        System.out.println("系统中所有键如下:");
        Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*"); 
        Iterator<String> it=keys.iterator() ;   
        while(it.hasNext()){   
            String key = it.next();   
            System.out.println(key);   
        }
        // 删除某个key,若key不存在，则忽略该命令。
        System.out.println("系统中删除key002: "+jedis.del("key002"));
        System.out.println("判断key002是否存在："+shardedJedis.exists("key002"));
        // 设置 key001的过期时间
        System.out.println("设置 key001的过期时间为5秒:"+jedis.expire("key001", 5));
        try{ 
            Thread.sleep(2000); 
        } 
        catch (InterruptedException e){ 
        } 
        // 查看某个key的剩余生存时间,单位【秒】.永久生存或者不存在的都返回-1
        System.out.println("查看key001的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("key001"));
        // 移除某个key的生存时间
        System.out.println("移除key001的生存时间："+jedis.persist("key001"));
        System.out.println("查看key001的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("key001"));
        // 查看key所储存的值的类型
        System.out.println("查看key所储存的值的类型："+jedis.type("key001"));
        /*
         * 一些其他方法:1、修改键名：jedis.rename("key6", "key0");
         *          2、将当前db的key移动到给定的db当中：jedis.move("foo", 1)
         */
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * String功能
	 */
	private void StringOperate(){
		System.out.println("======================String_1=========================="); 
		
		//清空数据
		System.out.println("清空库中所有数据："+jedis.flushDB());
		
		System.out.println("=============增=============");
		jedis.set("key001","value001");
        jedis.set("key002","value002");
        jedis.set("key003","value003");
        System.out.println("已新增的3个键值对如下:");
        System.out.println(jedis.get("key001"));
        System.out.println(jedis.get("key002"));
        System.out.println(jedis.get("key003"));
        
        
        System.out.println("=============删=============");
        System.out.println("删除key003键值对:"+jedis.del("key003"));
        System.out.println("获取key003键对应的值:"+jedis.get("key003"));
        
        
        System.out.println("=============改=============");
        //1、直接覆盖原来的数据
        System.out.println("直接覆盖key001原来的数据:"+jedis.set("key001","value001-update"));
        System.out.println("获取key001对应的新值:"+jedis.get("key001"));
        //2、直接覆盖原来的数据
        System.out.println("在key002原来值后面追加:"+jedis.append("key002","+appendString"));
        System.out.println("获取key002对应的新值:"+jedis.get("key002"));
        
        
        System.out.println("=============增，删，查(多个)=============");
        /** 
         * mset,mget同时新增，修改，查询多个键值对 
         * 等价于:
         * jedis.set("name","ssss"); 
         * jedis.set("jarorwar","xxxx"); 
         */
        System.out.println("一次性新增key201,key202,key203,key204及其对应值:"+jedis.mset("key201","value201","key202","value202","key203","value203","key204","value204"));
        System.out.println("一次性获取key201,key202,key203,key204各自对应的值:"+jedis.mget("key201","key202","key203","key204"));
        System.out.println("一次性删除key201,key202:"+jedis.del(new String[]{"key201", "key202"}));
        System.out.println("一次性获取key201,key202,key203,key204各自对应的值:"+jedis.mget("key201","key202","key203","key204")); 
                
            
        //
        //jedis具备的功能shardedJedis中也可直接使用，下面测试一些前面没用过的方法
        //
        System.out.println("======================String_2=========================="); 
        // 清空数据 
        System.out.println("清空库中所有数据："+jedis.flushDB());       
       
        System.out.println("=============新增键值对时防止覆盖原先值=============");
        System.out.println("原先key301不存在时，新增key301:"+shardedJedis.setnx("key301", "value301"));
        System.out.println("原先key302不存在时，新增key302:"+shardedJedis.setnx("key302", "value302"));
        System.out.println("当key302存在时，尝试新增key302:"+shardedJedis.setnx("key302", "value302_new"));
        System.out.println("获取key301对应的值："+shardedJedis.get("key301"));
        System.out.println("获取key302对应的值："+shardedJedis.get("key302"));
        
        System.out.println("=============超过有效期键值对被删除=============");
        //设置key的有效期，并存储数据 
        System.out.println("新增key303，并指定过期时间为2秒:"+shardedJedis.setex("key303", 2, "key303-2second"));
        System.out.println("获取key303对应的值："+shardedJedis.get("key303")); 
        try{
            Thread.sleep(3000); 
        } 
        catch (InterruptedException e){
        	e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        System.out.println("3秒之后，获取key303对应的值："+shardedJedis.get("key303")); 
        
        System.out.println("=============获取原值，更新为新值一步完成=============");
        System.out.println("key302原值:"+shardedJedis.getSet("key302", "value302-after-getset"));//get("原值"),set("新增")同时完成
        System.out.println("key302新值："+shardedJedis.get("key302"));
        
        System.out.println("=============获取子串=============");
        //getrange()用于获取存储在键字符串值，由偏移确定的子串的开始和结束(两者都包括)。负偏移可以提供从字符串的末尾的偏移开始被使用。
        System.out.println("获取key302对应值中的子串："+shardedJedis.getrange("key302", 5, 7));//"value302-after-getset"的5到7位
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * List功能
	 */
	private void ListOperate(){
		System.out.println("======================list=========================="); 
        // 清空数据
		System.out.println("清空库中所有数据:"+jedis.flushDB());
		

        System.out.println("=============增=============");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "vector");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "ArrayList"); 
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "vector");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "vector");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "LinkedList");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "MapList");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "SerialList");
        shardedJedis.lpush("stringlists", "HashList");
        shardedJedis.lpush("numberlists", "3");
        shardedJedis.lpush("numberlists", "1");
        shardedJedis.lpush("numberlists", "5");
        shardedJedis.lpush("numberlists", "2");
        System.out.println("所有元素-stringlists："+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("所有元素-numberlists："+shardedJedis.lrange("numberlists", 0, -1));
        
        System.out.println("=============删=============");
        // 删除列表指定的值,第二个参数为删除的个数(有重复时),后add进去的值先被删,类似于出栈
        System.out.println("成功删除指定元素个数-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.lrem("stringlists", 2, "vector"));//rem(key, count, value):删除count个key的list中值为value的元素
        System.out.println("删除指定元素之后-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 0, -1));
        // 删除区间以外的数据
        System.out.println("删除下标0-3区间之外的元素:"+shardedJedis.ltrim("stringlists", 0, 3));//ltrim(key, start, end):截取名称为key的list
        System.out.println("删除指定区间之外元素后-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 0, -1));
        // 列表元素出栈
        System.out.println("出栈元素:"+shardedJedis.lpop("stringlists"));//lpop(key)返回并删除名称为key的list中的首元素
        System.out.println("元素出栈后-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 0, -1));
        
        
        System.out.println("=============改=============");
        // 修改列表中指定下标的值
        shardedJedis.lset("stringlists", 0, "hello list!");
        System.out.println("下标为0的值修改后-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 0, -1));
        
        
        System.out.println("=============查=============");
        // 数组长度 
        System.out.println("长度-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.llen("stringlists"));
        System.out.println("长度-numberlists:"+shardedJedis.llen("numberlists"));
        // 排序 
        /*
         * list中存字符串时必须指定参数为alpha,如果不使用SortingParams,而是直接使用sort("list"),
         * 会出现"ERR One or more scores can't be converted into double"
         */
        SortingParams sortingParameters = new SortingParams();
        sortingParameters.alpha();
        sortingParameters.limit(0, 3);
        System.out.println("返回排序后的结果-stringlists:"+shardedJedis.sort("stringlists", sortingParameters));
        System.out.println("返回排序后的结果-numberlists:"+shardedJedis.sort("numberlists", sortingParameters));
        // 子串: start为元素下标,end也为元素下标;-1代表倒数第一个元素,-2代表倒数第二个元素
        System.out.println("子串-第二个开始到结束:"+shardedJedis.lrange("stringlists", 1, -1));
        // 获取列表指定下标的值
        System.out.println("获取下标为2的元素:"+shardedJedis.lindex("stringlists", 2)+"\n");
        
        
        
        
	}
	
	private void SetOperate(){
		
	}
	
	private void SortedSetOperate(){
		
	}
	
	private void HashOperate(){
		
	}
	
	
	
	
	
}

3、测试类Main

package com.redis;

//测试类
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new RedisClient().show();
	}
}