this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource();

通过相对路径来加载资源,读取当前文件夹路径。

getSystemResources

public static Enumeration<URL> getSystemResources(String name)
                                           throws IOException

Finds all resources of the specified name from the search path used to load classes. The resources thus found are returned as an  Enumeration of  URL objects.

The search order is described in the documentation for getSystemResource(String).

Parameters:

name - The resource name

Returns:

An enumeration of resource  URL objects

Throws:

IOException - If I/O errors occur

Since:

1.2

getSystemResourceAsStream

public static InputStream getSystemResourceAsStream(String name)

Open for reading, a resource of the specified name from the search path used to load classes. This method locates the resource through the system class loader (see  getSystemClassLoader()).

Parameters:

name - The resource name

Returns:

An input stream for reading the resource, or  null if the resource could not be found

Since:

1.1

===============================================================  

String path = this. getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("test.xml");

InputStream in = test.getClass().getClassLoader()
				.getResourceAsStream("test.xml");

===============================================================

The code below shows how it works

import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestClassloader {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		System.out.println("========dynamic========");
		TestClassloader test = new TestClassloader();
		test.printInfo();
		System.out.println(test.getClass().getResource("test.xml"));
		System.out
				.println(test.getClass().getResource("TestClassloader.class"));
		InputStream in = test.getClass().getClassLoader()
				.getResourceAsStream("test.xml");

		System.out.println("========static========");
		System.out.println(TestClassloader.class.getClassLoader().getResource(
				"test.xml"));
		in = TestClassloader.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(
				"test.xml");
	}

	public void printInfo() {
		System.out.println(this.getClass().getResource("test.xml"));
	}
}

The console screen:

========dynamic========
file:/C:/Users/XXXX/workspaceForJava/TestXML_Parser/bin/test.xml
file:/C:/Users/XXXX/workspaceForJava/TestXML_Parser/bin/test.xml
file:/C:/Users/XXXX/workspaceForJava/TestXML_Parser/bin/TestClassloader.class
========static========
file:/C:/Users/XXXX/workspaceForJava/TestXML_Parser/bin/test.xml

=======================

参考资料：

http://xixinfei.iteye.com/blog/1256291

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/java/lang/ClassLoader.html#getSystemClassLoader()