利用描述符原理完成自定制@property、@classmethod、@staticmethod

一、@property

class Lazyproperty:
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.func=func
    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        print('这是我们自己定制的静态属性,r1.area实际是要执行r1.area()')
        if instance is None:
            return self
        else:
            print('--->')
            value=self.func(instance)
            setattr(instance,self.func.__name__,value) #计算一次就缓存到实例的属性字典中
            return value

class Room:
    def __init__(self,name,width,length):
        self.name=name
        self.width=width
        self.length=length

    @Lazyproperty #area=Lazyproperty(area) 相当于'定义了一个类属性,即描述符'
    def area(self):
        return self.width * self.length

r1=Room('alex',1,1)
print(r1.area) #先从自己的属性字典找,没有再去类的中找,然后触发了area的__get__方法
print(r1.area) #先从自己的属性字典找,找到了,是上次计算的结果,这样就不用每执行一次都去计算

#缓存不起来了

class Lazyproperty:
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.func=func
    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        print('这是我们自己定制的静态属性,r1.area实际是要执行r1.area()')
        if instance is None:
            return self
        else:
            value=self.func(instance)
            instance.__dict__[self.func.__name__]=value
            return value
        # return self.func(instance) #此时你应该明白,到底是谁在为你做自动传递self的事情
    def __set__(self, instance, value):
        print('hahahahahah')

class Room:
    def __init__(self,name,width,length):
        self.name=name
        self.width=width
        self.length=length

    @Lazyproperty #area=Lazyproperty(area) 相当于定义了一个类属性,即描述符
    def area(self):
        return self.width * self.length

print(Room.__dict__)
r1=Room('alex',1,1)
print(r1.area)
print(r1.area) 
print(r1.area) 
print(r1.area) #缓存功能失效,每次都去找描述符了,为何,因为描述符实现了set方法,它由非数据描述符变成了数据描述符,数据描述符比实例属性有更高的优先级,因而所有的属性操作都去找描述符了

二、@classmethod

class ClassMethod:
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.func=func

    def __get__(self, instance, owner): #类来调用,instance为None,owner为类本身,实例来调用,instance为实例,owner为类本身,
        def feedback():
            print('在这里可以加功能啊...')
            return self.func(owner)
        return feedback

class People:
    name='linhaifeng'
    @ClassMethod # say_hi=ClassMethod(say_hi)
    def say_hi(cls):
        print('你好啊,帅哥 %s' %cls.name)

People.say_hi()

p1=People()
p1.say_hi()
#疑问,类方法如果有参数呢,好说,好说

class ClassMethod:
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.func=func

    def __get__(self, instance, owner): #类来调用,instance为None,owner为类本身,实例来调用,instance为实例,owner为类本身,
        def feedback(*args,**kwargs):
            print('在这里可以加功能啊...')
            return self.func(owner,*args,**kwargs)
        return feedback

class People:
    name='linhaifeng'
    @ClassMethod # say_hi=ClassMethod(say_hi)
    def say_hi(cls,msg):
        print('你好啊,帅哥 %s %s' %(cls.name,msg))

People.say_hi('你是那偷心的贼')

p1=People()
p1.say_hi('你是那偷心的贼')

三、@staticmethod

class StaticMethod:
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.func=func

    def __get__(self, instance, owner): #类来调用,instance为None,owner为类本身,实例来调用,instance为实例,owner为类本身,
        def feedback(*args,**kwargs):
            print('在这里可以加功能啊...')
            return self.func(*args,**kwargs)
        return feedback

class People:
    @StaticMethod# say_hi=StaticMethod(say_hi)
    def say_hi(x,y,z):
        print('------>',x,y,z)

People.say_hi(1,2,3)

p1=People()
p1.say_hi(4,5,6)