深入拆解 Java 虚拟机 】Exception异常笔记

try-with-resource语法糖

try后对象的close方法都会被运行。

package com.exception.demo;
public class Foo implements AutoCloseable {
    private final String name;
    public Foo(String name) { this.name = name; }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        System.out.println(name);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Foo foo0 = new Foo("Foo0"); // try-with-resources
             Foo foo1 = new Foo("Foo1");
             Foo foo2 = new Foo("Foo2")) {
            System.out.println("ssssss");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("22222");
            throw new RuntimeException("Initial");
        }
    }
}

start
end
Foo2
Foo1
Foo0
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Initial
	at com.exception.demo.Foo.main(Foo.java:22)

finally

public class Foo2 {
    private int tryBlock;
    private int catchBlock;
    private int finallyBlock;
    private int methodExit;

    public void test() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            try {
                tryBlock = 0;
                if (i < 50) {
                    continue;
                } else if (i < 80) {
                    break;
                } else {
                    return;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                catchBlock = 1;
            } finally {
                finallyBlock = 2;
            }
        }
        methodExit = 3;
    }
}

对应生成的字节码为

public class com.exception.demo.Foo2 {
  public com.exception.demo.Foo2();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: return

  public void test();
    Code:
       0: iconst_0
       1: istore_1
       2: iload_1
       3: bipush        100
       5: if_icmpge     75
       8: aload_0
       9: iconst_0
      10: putfield      #2                  // Field tryBlock:I
      13: iload_1
      14: bipush        50
      16: if_icmpge     27
      19: aload_0
      20: iconst_2
      21: putfield      #3                  // Field finallyBlock:I
      24: goto          69
      27: iload_1
      28: bipush        80
      30: if_icmpge     41
      33: aload_0
      34: iconst_2
      35: putfield      #3                  // Field finallyBlock:I
      38: goto          75
      41: aload_0
      42: iconst_2
      43: putfield      #3                  // Field finallyBlock:I
      46: return
      47: astore_2
      48: aload_0
      49: iconst_1
      50: putfield      #5                  // Field catchBlock:I
      53: aload_0
      54: iconst_2
      55: putfield      #3                  // Field finallyBlock:I
      58: goto          69
      61: astore_3
      62: aload_0
      63: iconst_2
      64: putfield      #3                  // Field finallyBlock:I
      67: aload_3
      68: athrow
      69: iinc          1, 1
      72: goto          2
      75: aload_0
      76: iconst_3
      77: putfield      #6                  // Field methodExit:I
      80: return
    Exception table:
       from    to  target type
           8    19    47   Class java/lang/Exception
          27    33    47   Class java/lang/Exception
           8    19    61   any
          27    33    61   any
          47    53    61   any
          61    62    61   any
}

finally在try、catch后都会运行一次，如果内部还有if等多个分支，那么还会赋值运行多次。