简单理解netty（一）

关键词：

buffer channel handler Pipeline sink event Upstream Downstream

 

Netty的javadoc中的流程比较形象的介绍了netty中channel的消息机制：io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline

                                                 I/O Request
                                            via Channel or
                                        ChannelHandlerContext
                                                      |
  +---------------------------------------------------+---------------+
  |                           ChannelPipeline         |               |
  |                                                  \|/              |
  |    +---------------------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |    | Inbound Handler  N  |            | Outbound Handler  1  |    |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |              /|\                                  |               |
  |               |                                  \|/              |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |    | Inbound Handler N-1 |            | Outbound Handler  2  |    |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |              /|\                                  .               |
  |               .                                   .               |
  | ChannelHandlerContext.fireIN_EVT() ChannelHandlerContext.OUT_EVT()|
  |        [ method call]                       [method call]         |
  |               .                                   .               |
  |               .                                  \|/              |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |    | Inbound Handler  2  |            | Outbound Handler M-1 |    |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |              /|\                                  |               |
  |               |                                  \|/              |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |    | Inbound Handler  1  |            | Outbound Handler  M  |    |
  |    +----------+----------+            +-----------+----------+    |
  |              /|\                                  |               |
  +---------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+
                  |                                  \|/
  +---------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+
  |               |                                   |               |
  |       [ Socket.read() ]                    [ Socket.write() ]     |
  |                                                                   |
  |  Netty Internal I/O Threads (Transport Implementation)            |
  +-------------------------------------------------------------------+

  

Netty中对handler和event的处理机制大体过程如下：

1 一个channel对应一个ChannelPipeline，ChannelPipeline可以理解为一个容器，内部容纳一个一个的ChannelHandler，主要负责对ChannelHandler的调用。

2 各个ChannelHandler之间的通讯主要是依靠ChannelEvent，同时ChannelPipeline也依靠ChannelEvent调用各个ChannelHandler。

3 ChannelSink是处于末端的ChannelHandler，主要处理一些末端的操作建立连接、绑定端口等。

具体的原理在相关博客中已经讲的很清楚了：

Netty源码解读（三）Channel与Pipeline