BLE:全称为Bluetooth Low Energy。蓝牙规范4.0最重要的一个特性就是低功耗。BLE使得蓝牙设备可通过一粒纽扣电池供电以维持续工作数年之久。很明显,BLE使得蓝牙设备在钟表、远程控制、医疗保健及运动感应器等市场具有极光明的应用场景。
Google从Android 4.3开始添加了对蓝牙4.0的支持。本文一个demo为入口分析 BLE 搜索的流程。
package com.dy.ble;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "BLE";
private Button scanBtn;
private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if(!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){
bluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
scanBtn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn_scan);
scanBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){
bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(callback);
}
}
});
}
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback callback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback(){
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
Log.d(TAG, "onLeScan device = " + device + ",rssi = " + rssi + "scanRecord = " + scanRecord);
}
};
}
点击按钮就会开始扫描,扫描到设备时,就会触发onLeScan这个回调方法,并且可以从参数中获取扫描到的蓝牙设备信息。下面分析BluetoothAdapter中的startLeScan方法。
public boolean startLeScan(LeScanCallback callback) {
return startLeScan(null, callback);
}
这里调用了一个同名的方法,
public boolean startLeScan(UUID[] serviceUuids, LeScanCallback callback) {
if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "startLeScan(): " + serviceUuids);
if (callback == null) {
if (DBG) Log.e(TAG, "startLeScan: null callback");
return false;
}
synchronized(mLeScanClients) {
if (mLeScanClients.containsKey(callback)) {
if (DBG) Log.e(TAG, "LE Scan has already started");
return false;
}
try {
IBluetoothGatt iGatt = mManagerService.getBluetoothGatt();
if (iGatt == null) {
if (DBG) Log.e("BluetoothAdapterReceiver", "iGatt == null");
// BLE is not supported
return false;
}
UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
GattCallbackWrapper wrapper = new GattCallbackWrapper(this, callback, serviceUuids);
iGatt.registerClient(new ParcelUuid(uuid), wrapper);
if (wrapper.scanStarted()) {
if (DBG) Log.e("BluetoothAdapterReceiver", "wrapper.scanStarted()==true");
mLeScanClients.put(callback, wrapper);
return true;
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(TAG,"",e);
}
}
return false;
}
这个方法需要BLUETOOTH_ADMIN权限,第一个参数是各种蓝牙服务的UUID数组, UUID是“Universally Unique Identifier”的简称,通用唯一识别码的意思。对于蓝牙设备,每个服务都有通用、独立、唯一的UUID与之对应。也就是说,在同一时间、同一地点,不可能有两个相同的UUID标识的不同服务。第二个参数是前面传进来的LeScanCallback对象。
接下来分析下mManagerService,它是一个IBluetoothManager对象,IBluetoothManager是一个AIDL,可以实现跨进程通信,其在源码中的路径为:/alps/frameworks/base/core/java/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManager.aidl。下面来看看mManagerService的实例化,
BluetoothAdapter(IBluetoo