OpenStack离线Train版安装系列—8.控制节点-Horizon服务组件

本系列文章包含从OpenStack离线源制作到完成OpenStack安装的全部过程。
在本系列教程中使用的OpenStack的安装版本为第20个版本Train(简称T版本),2020年5月13日,OpenStack社区发布了第21个版本Ussuri(简称U版本)。

OpenStack部署系列文章
OpenStack Victoria版 安装部署系列教程
OpenStack Ussuri版 离线安装部署系列教程(全)
OpenStack Train版 离线安装部署系列教程(全)
欢迎留言沟通,共同进步。



控制节点Horizon服务组件安装

官方参考:
OpenStack官方安装指南:服务组件
horizon-install
horizon-install-rdo
horizon-verify-rdo
博客:
CentOS7安装OpenStack(Rocky版)-07.安装horizon服务组件(控制节点dashboard)
OpenStack Train版-10.安装horizon服务(计算节点)
OpenStack Train版-安装部署教程
OpenStack Train版-11.安装horizon服务(计算节点)

一、服务说明

OpenStack仪表板Dashboard服务的项目名称是Horizon,它所需的唯一服务是身份服务keystone,开发语言是python的web框架Django。
从Stein版本开始,Horizon支持以下服务:

  • cinder:块状存储
  • glance:镜像管理
  • neutron:网络
  • nova:计算
  • swift:对象存储

如果已配置好服务keystone的endpoint,那么Horizon将对其进行检测并自动启用其支持。
Horizon还通过插件支持更多其他OpenStack服务。

Django 2.0和2.2支持在Train版本中处于试验阶段
Ussuri发行版(Train发行版之后的下一个发行版)将使用Django 2.2作为主要的Django版本。Django 2.0支持将被删除。

注:
①可以选择在计算节点(compute01)上安装仪表板服务horizon。由于horizon运行需要apache,为了不影响控制节点上的keystone等其他服务使用的apache,亦可在计算节点上安装。
②安装之前确认以前安装的服务是否正常启动。

③本系列教程是在控制节点安装。

二、安装与配置dashboard相关软件

yum install openstack-dashboard -y

三、配置文件修改

1.local_settings

/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
检查确认有以下配置

方法一

在实际的部署过程中采用的是方法三,方法一中的网络相关配置需要结合实际情况进行配置True与False。

vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
    "identity": 3,
    "image": 2,
    "volume": 2,
}
OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "default"

CACHES = {
    'default': {
         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
    }
}

OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
    'enable_router': False,
    'enable_quotas': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
    'enable_lb': False,
    'enable_firewall': False,
    'enable_vpn': False,
}

TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
方法二
# 其他方式
sed -i.bak '/^OPENSTACK_HOST/s#127.0.0.1#controller#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE/s#".*"#"user"#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/^ALLOWED_HOSTS/s#\[.*\]#['*']#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^#SESSION_ENGINE/s/#//' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/^SESSION_ENGINE/s#'.*'#'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_BACKEND = {
215     'name': 'native',
216     'can_edit_user': True,
217     'can_edit_group': True,
218     'can_edit_project': True,
219     'can_edit_domain': True,
220     'can_edit_role': True,
221 }

注:注意一些python语法格式。

方法三

将配置文件写好,先备份原文件,然后直接替换。

cp -a /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings{,.bak}
/bin/cp -rf  ./local_settings /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

文件内容如下

#
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# NOTE: The default values of the settings are defined in
# openstack_dashboard/defaults.py. Prevously most available settings
# were listed in this example file, but it is no longer true.
# For available settings, see openstack_dashboard/defaults.py and
# the horizon setting reference found at
# https://docs.openstack.org/horizon/latest/configuration/settings.html.
#
# Django related settings and HORIZON_CONFIG still exist here.
# Keep in my mind that they will be revisit in upcoming releases.
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

import os

from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _


from openstack_dashboard.settings import HORIZON_CONFIG

DEBUG = False

# This setting controls whether or not compression is enabled. Disabling
# compression makes Horizon considerably slower, but makes it much easier
# to debug JS and CSS changes
#COMPRESS_ENABLED = not DEBUG

# This setting controls whether compression happens on the fly, or offline
# with `python manage.py compress`
# See https://django-compressor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage/#offline-compression
# for more information
#COMPRESS_OFFLINE = not DEBUG

# If horizon is running in production (DEBUG is False), set this
# with the list of host/domain names that the application can serve.
# For more information see:
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
#ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['horizon.example.com', 'localhost']
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*',]

# Set SSL proxy settings:
# Pass this header from the proxy after terminating the SSL,
# and don't forget to strip it from the client's request.
# For more information see:
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/#secure-proxy-ssl-header
#SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')

# If Horizon is being served through SSL, then uncomment the following two
# settings to better secure the cookies from security exploits
#CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
#SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True

# If provided, a "Report Bug" link will be displayed in the site header
# which links to the value of this setting (ideally a URL containing
# information on how to report issues).
#HORIZON_CONFIG["bug_url"] = "http://bug-report.example.com"

# Show backdrop element outside the modal, do not close the modal
# after clicking on backdrop.
#HORIZON_CONFIG["modal_backdrop"] = "static"

# Specify a regular expression to validate user passwords.
#HORIZON_CONFIG["password_validator"] = {
#    "regex": '.*',
#    "help_text": _("Your password does not meet the requirements."),
#}

# Turn off browser autocompletion for forms including the login form and
# the database creation workflow if so desired.
#HORIZON_CONFIG["password_autocomplete"] = "off"

# Setting this to True will disable the reveal button for password fields,
# including on the login form.
#HORIZON_CONFIG["disable_password_reveal"] = False

LOCAL_PATH = '/tmp'

# Set custom secret key:
# You can either set it to a specific value or you can let horizon generate a
# default secret key that is unique on this machine, e.i. regardless of the
# amount of Python WSGI workers (if used behind Apache+mod_wsgi): However,
# there may be situations where you would want to set this explicitly, e.g.
# when multiple dashboard instances are distributed on different machines
# (usually behind a load-balancer). Either you have to make sure that a session
# gets all requests routed to the same dashboard instance or you set the same
# SECRET_KEY for all of them.
SECRET_KEY='3345bb8247a669fe58e2'

# We recommend you use memcached for development; otherwise after every reload
# of the django development server, you will have to login again. To use
# memcached set CACHES to something like below.
# For more information, see
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/sessions/.
#CACHES = {
#    'default': {
#        'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
#        'LOCATION': '127.0.0.1:11211',
#    },
#}
CACHES = {
    'default': {
         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
    }
}




# If you use ``tox -e runserver`` for developments,then configure
# SESSION_ENGINE to django.contrib.sessions.backends.signed_cookies
# as shown below:
#SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.signed_cookies'
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'

# Send email to the console by default
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend'
# Or send them to /dev/null
#EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.dummy.EmailBackend'

# Configure these for your outgoing email host
#EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.my-company.com'
#EMAIL_PORT = 25
#EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'djangomail'
#EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'top-secret!'

#OPENSTACK_HOST = "127.0.0.1"
OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"

#unchanged
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST

#add new
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
#add new
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
    "identity": 3,
    "image": 2,
    "volume": 3,
}

#unchanged
# The OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK settings can be used to enable optional
# services provided by neutron. Options currently available are load
# balancer service, security groups, quotas, VPN service.
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
    'enable_auto_allocated_network': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': True,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_ipv6': True,
    # TODO(amotoki): Drop OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK completely from here.
    # enable_quotas has the different default value here.
    'enable_quotas': True,
    'enable_rbac_policy': True,
    'enable_router': True,

    'default_dns_nameservers': [],
    'supported_provider_types': ['*'],
    'segmentation_id_range': {},
    'extra_provider_types': {},
    'supported_vnic_types': ['*'],
    'physical_networks': [],

}

# The timezone of the server. This should correspond with the timezone
# of your entire OpenStack installation, and hopefully be in UTC.
#TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"

# Change this patch to the appropriate list of tuples containing
# a key, label and static directory containing two files:
# _variables.scss and _styles.scss
#AVAILABLE_THEMES = [
#    ('default', 'Default', 'themes/default'),
#    ('material', 'Material', 'themes/material'),
#    ('example', 'Example', 'themes/example'),
#]

LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    # When set to True this will disable all logging except
    # for loggers specified in this configuration dictionary. Note that
    # if nothing is specified here and disable_existing_loggers is True,
    # django.db.backends will still log unless it is disabled explicitly.
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    # If apache2 mod_wsgi is used to deploy OpenStack dashboard
    # timestamp is output by mod_wsgi. If WSGI framework you use does not
    # output timestamp for logging, add %(asctime)s in the following
    # format definitions.
    'formatters': {
        'console': {
            'format': '%(levelname)s %(name)s %(message)s'
        },
        'operation': {
            # The format of "%(message)s" is defined by
            # OPERATION_LOG_OPTIONS['format']
            'format': '%(message)s'
        },
    },
    'handlers': {
        'null': {
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'class': 'logging.NullHandler',
        },
        'console': {
            # Set the level to "DEBUG" for verbose output logging.
            'level': 'DEBUG' if DEBUG else 'INFO',
            'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
            'formatter': 'console',
        },
        'operation': {
            'level': 'INFO',
            'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
            'formatter': 'operation',
        },
    },
    'loggers': {
        'horizon': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'horizon.operation_log': {
            'handlers': ['operation'],
            'level': 'INFO',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'openstack_dashboard': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'novaclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'cinderclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'keystoneauth': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'keystoneclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'glanceclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'neutronclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'swiftclient': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'oslo_policy': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'openstack_auth': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'django': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,
        },
        # Logging from django.db.backends is VERY verbose, send to null
        # by default.
        'django.db.backends': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'requests': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'urllib3': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'chardet.charsetprober': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'iso8601': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
        'scss': {
            'handlers': ['null'],
            'propagate': False,
        },
    },
}

# 'direction' should not be specified for all_tcp/udp/icmp.
# It is specified in the form.
SECURITY_GROUP_RULES = {
    'all_tcp': {
        'name': _('All TCP'),
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '1',
        'to_port': '65535',
    },
    'all_udp': {
        'name': _('All UDP'),
        'ip_protocol': 'udp',
        'from_port': '1',
        'to_port': '65535',
    },
    'all_icmp': {
        'name': _('All ICMP'),
        'ip_protocol': 'icmp',
        'from_port': '-1',
        'to_port': '-1',
    },
    'ssh': {
        'name': 'SSH',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '22',
        'to_port': '22',
    },
    'smtp': {
        'name': 'SMTP',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '25',
        'to_port': '25',
    },
    'dns': {
        'name': 'DNS',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '53',
        'to_port': '53',
    },
    'http': {
        'name': 'HTTP',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '80',
        'to_port': '80',
    },
    'pop3': {
        'name': 'POP3',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '110',
        'to_port': '110',
    },
    'imap': {
        'name': 'IMAP',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '143',
        'to_port': '143',
    },
    'ldap': {
        'name': 'LDAP',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '389',
        'to_port': '389',
    },
    'https': {
        'name': 'HTTPS',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '443',
        'to_port': '443',
    },
    'smtps': {
        'name': 'SMTPS',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '465',
        'to_port': '465',
    },
    'imaps': {
        'name': 'IMAPS',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '993',
        'to_port': '993',
    },
    'pop3s': {
        'name': 'POP3S',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '995',
        'to_port': '995',
    },
    'ms_sql': {
        'name': 'MS SQL',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '1433',
        'to_port': '1433',
    },
    'mysql': {
        'name': 'MYSQL',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '3306',
        'to_port': '3306',
    },
    'rdp': {
        'name': 'RDP',
        'ip_protocol': 'tcp',
        'from_port': '3389',
        'to_port': '3389',
    },
}

# Help URL can be made available for the client. To provide a help URL, edit the
# following attribute to the URL of your choice.
#HORIZON_CONFIG["help_url"] = "http://openstack.mycompany.org"

2.openstack-dashboard.conf

/etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
如果没有则新添加

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
#add follow
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

3.重启Apache服务、会话存储服务

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
systemctl status httpd.service memcached.service
#由于dashboard的运行机制是把网站下的所有文件删除之后再重新复制,所以重启httpd需要等待一段时间。  

4.检查dashboard是否可用

浏览器直接访问:http://192.168.232.101 地址后面不需要加dashboard。
是否需要输入域default取决于,/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings文件中进行OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT内容配置值
域:default;用户名:admin;密码:admin。

四、Dashboard访问问题

此时,dashboard虽可以访问,且url中不需要输入dashboard,但是在进行系统的项目管理的时候打不开页面会报错。

1.重建openstack-dashboard.conf

下面将重建并修改配置openstack-dashboard.conf。

# sw 'Rebuild openstack-dashboard.conf'
cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
python manage.py make_web_conf --apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

ln -s /etc/openstack-dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/conf

cp -a /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/defaults.py{,.bak}
cp -a /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/test/settings.py{,.bak}
cp -a /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/9937cc9f2cae.js{,.bak}

# sw 'Change WEBROOT'
#vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/defaults.py
#line32
#WEBROOT = '/'  # from openstack_auth
sed -i "32c WEBROOT = '/dashboard'  # from openstack_auth" /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/defaults.py

#vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/test/settings.py
#line32
#WEBROOT = '/'
sed -i "32c WEBROOT = '/dashboard'" /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/test/settings.py

#vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/9937cc9f2cae.js
#line1
#var STATIC_URL="/dashboard/static/";var WEBROOT="/";/*!
sed -i '1c var STATIC_URL="/dashboard/static/";var WEBROOT="/dashboard/";/*!' /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/9937cc9f2cae.js

# sw 'Configuration of /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf'
cp -a  /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf{,.bak}
#sed -in '3a WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}' /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
sed -i '19c WSGIScriptAlias /dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi' /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
sed -i '20c WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi' /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
sed -i '25c Alias /dashboard/static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static' /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

2.重启Apache服务、会话存储服务

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
systemctl status httpd.service memcached.service

source /root/admin-openrc
openstack flavor create --id 0 --vcpus 1 --ram 256 --disk 0 1U256M0G
openstack flavor create --id 1 --vcpus 1 --ram 1024 --disk 0 1U1GM0G
openstack flavor list

至此,可以访问
echo ‘http://controller:80/dashboard’
echo ‘域:default’
echo ‘用户名:admin’
echo “密码:”${ADMIN_PASS}“”

五、官方步骤安装Train版本,常见问题

1.参考链接

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_28738845/article/details/103348658

https://www.cnblogs.com/omgasw/p/11990435.html

https://blog.51cto.com/11694088/2460460?cid=742064

https://yinwucheng.com/?p=478

https://yinwucheng.com/?p=489

https://www.cnblogs.com/omgasw/p/12016839.html

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42758707/article/details/100055061

2.访问/dashboard后跳转到/auth/login报404(操作下面2步可以解决dashboard访问404问题,请跳过此步骤)

解决方法:重建Apache服务的dashboard配置文件

cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
python manage.py make_web_conf --apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

3…登录到dashboard将出现权限错误

解决方法如下:建立策略文件(policy.json)的软链接

ln -s /etc/openstack-dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/conf

4.身份管理里面的项目、用户、组和角色都无法打开

日志提示:Daemon process called ‘keystone-public’ cannot be accessed by this WSGI application: /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
编辑以下文件,找到WEBROOT = ‘/’ 修改为WEBROOT = ‘/dashboard’ (官方未提及坑点之一)

访问时需要添加地址栏dashboard

vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/defaults.py
vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/test/settings.py
vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/9937cc9f2cae.js

重启Apache服务、会话存储服务

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
systemctl status httpd.service memcached.service

检查dashboard是否可用
注意是否需要添加dashboard

浏览器直接访问:http://192.168.232.101 地址后面是否需要加dashboard。
是否需要输入域default取决于,/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings文件中进行OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT内容配置值
域:default;用户名:admin;密码:admin。

修改WEBROOT

  737  2020/04/26-14:17:43 by root: vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/9937cc9f2cae.js
  738  2020/04/26-14:18:18 by root: vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/64d85423c263.js
  739  2020/04/26-14:18:29 by root: vim /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static/dashboard/js/b5e88d434bd1.js

修改httpd

  741  2020/04/26-14:19:45 by root: vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
#    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi.py
    WSGIScriptAlias /dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi
#    Alias /static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static
     Alias /dashboard/static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static

修改local_settings

749  2020/04/26-14:26:50 by root: vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

中的角色配置要与建立相关。
5.项目角色问题,keystone创建的时候角色名称修改为_member_

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