网上的MapReduce WordCount教程对于如何编译WordCount.java几乎是一笔带过… 而有写到的,大多又是 0.20 等旧版本版本的做法,即 javac -classpath /usr/local/Hadoop/hadoop-1.0.1/hadoop-core-1.0.1.jar WordCount.java
,但较新的 2.X 版本中,已经没有 hadoop-core*.jar 这个文件,因此编辑和打包自己的MapReduce程序与旧版本有所不同。
本文以 Hadoop 2.4.1 环境下的WordCount实例来介绍 2.x 版本中如何编辑自己的MapReduce程序。
Hadoop 2.x 版本中的依赖 jar
Hadoop 2.x 版本中jar不再集中在一个 hadoop-core*.jar 中,而是分成多个 jar,如运行WordCount实例需要如下三个 jar:
- $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.4.1.jar
- $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.4.1.jar
- $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar
编译、打包 Hadoop MapReduce 程序
将上述 jar 添加至 classpath 路径:
export CLASSPATH="$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.4.1.jar:$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.4.1.jar:$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:$CLASSPATH"
接着就可以编译 WordCount.java 了(使用的是 2.4.1 源码中的 WordCount.java,源码在文本最后面):
javac WordCount.java
编译时会有警告,可以忽略。编译后可以看到生成了几个.class文件。
接着把 .class 文件打包成 jar,才能在 Hadoop 中运行:
jar -cvf WordCount.jar ./WordCount*.class
打包完成后,运行试试,创建几个输入文件:
Mkdir input
echo "echo of the rainbow" > ./input/file0
echo "the waiting game" > ./input/file1
开始运行:
/usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop jar WordCount.jar WordCount input output
不过这边可能会遇到如下的提示 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: WordCount
:
因为程序中声明了 package ,所以在命令中也要 org.apache.hadoop.examples
写完整:
/usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop jar WordCount.jar org.apache.hadoop.examples.WordCount input output
正确运行后的结果如下:
进阶:使用Eclipse编译运行MapReduce程序
使用命令行编译运行MapReduce程序毕竟有些麻烦,修改一次就得手动编译、打包一次,使用Eclipse编译运行MapReduce程序会更加方便。
WordCount.java 源码
文件位于 hadoop-2.4.1-src\hadoop-mapreduce-project\hadoop-mapreduce-examples\src\main\java\org\apache\hadoop\examples 中:
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.examples;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser;
publicclassWordCount{
publicstaticclassTokenizerMapper
extendsMapper<Object,Text,Text,IntWritable>{
privatefinalstaticIntWritable one =newIntWritable(1);
privateText word =newText();
publicvoid map(Object key,Text value,Context context
)throwsIOException,InterruptedException{
StringTokenizer itr =newStringTokenizer(value.toString());
while(itr.hasMoreTokens()){
word.set(itr.nextToken());
context.write(word, one);
}
}
}
publicstaticclassIntSumReducer
extendsReducer<Text,IntWritable,Text,IntWritable>{
privateIntWritable result =newIntWritable();
publicvoid reduce(Text key,Iterable<IntWritable> values,
Context context
)throwsIOException,InterruptedException{
int sum =0;
for(IntWritable val : values){
sum += val.get();
}
result.set(sum);
context.write(key, result);
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args)throwsException{
Configuration conf =newConfiguration();
String[] otherArgs =newGenericOptionsParser(conf, args).getRemainingArgs();
if(otherArgs.length !=2){
System.err.println("Usage: wordcount <in> <out>");
System.exit(2);
}
Job job =newJob(conf,"word count");
job.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
job.setMapperClass(TokenizerMapper.class);
job.setCombinerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setReducerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job,newPath(otherArgs[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,newPath(otherArgs[1]));
System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true)?0:1);
}
}