黑马程序员_JAVA基础_IO流(一)

一、IO流之前

①System类：System.getProperties();

 △Properties是一个与IO流相结合的集合

Properties props = System.getProperties();
props.list(System.out);

②Runtime类：Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();Process p = r.exec("notepad.exe L1IOOther.java");p.destroy();

③Date类：SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date()));

④Calendar类：

		Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
		System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("{0}-{1}-{2}", c.get(Calendar.YEAR),c.get(Calendar.MONTH),c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)));

//练习一：获取指定年月的天数
	public static int getAnyMonthDays(int year,int month){
		Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
		c.set(year, month, 1);
		c.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, -1);
		return c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
	}
	//练习二：计算工作日天数【周一至周五】
	public static int getWorkDay(Date dfrom,Date dto){
		Calendar from = Calendar.getInstance();
		from.setTime(dfrom);
		Calendar to = Calendar.getInstance();
		to.setTime(dto);
		int sum = 0;
		while(!from.equals(to)){
			int weekDate = from.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
			if(weekDate!=Calendar.SUNDAY&&weekDate!=Calendar.SATURDAY){
				sum++;
				System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("{0}-{1}-{2}", from.get(Calendar.YEAR),from.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1,from.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)));
			}
			from.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
		}
		return sum;
	}

------------------------------------孤独的分割线------------------------------------

二、IO流概述

1、字符流【Reader/Writer】

2、字节流【InputStream/OutputStream】

3、文件类【File】

4、其他流及字符编码

三、IO之字符流

【1】FileReader/writer

 △读取文件，并将字节按sun.jnu.encoding设定的编码转换为字符

【2】缓冲字符流BufferedReader/Writer

 △一次可以读写一行

  △IO流运用了装饰模式，简化了继承体系，增强了扩展性

【3】字符转换流InputStreamReader/Writer

 △可以自定义字符转换编码

 ★读写文本文件

/**
	 * 指定字符集读写文本文件
	 * @param ori
	 * @param dest
	 * @param charset
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void copyFile_3(File ori, File dest,String charset) throws IOException {

		BufferedReader br = null;
		BufferedWriter bw = null;
		try {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(ori),charset));
			bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(dest),charset));
			String sl = null;
			while((sl = br.readLine())!=null){
				bw.write(sl);
				bw.newLine();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) { throw e; } 
		finally {
			try {
				if (bw != null) {bw.close();}
			} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}
			try {
				if (br != null) {br.close();}
			} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}
		}
	}

★自定义缓冲字符流

package com.lfd.io.learn;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;

public class L3MyBufferedReader extends Reader{
	private Reader r;
	public L3MyBufferedReader(Reader r) {
		this.r = r;
	}
	public String readLine() throws IOException{
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		int ch = 0;
		while((ch=r.read())!=-1){
			if(ch == '\r'){continue;}
			if(ch == '\n'){return sb.toString();}
			sb.append((char)ch);
		}
		if(sb.length()!=0){return sb.toString();}
		return null;
	}
	@Override
	public void close() throws IOException{
		r.close();
	}
	@Override
	public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
		return r.read(cbuf, off, len);
	}
}

四、IO之字节流

【1】FileInputStream/OutputStream

【2】BufferedInputStream/OutputStream

△内部实现了缓冲区

★实现复制文件

	/**
	 * 复制文件
	 * @param source
	 * @param dest
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void copyFile(File source,File dest) throws IOException{
		BufferedInputStream bis = null;
		BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
		try {
			bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(source));
			bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(dest));
			int i = 0;
			while((i = bis.read())!=-1){bos.write(i);}
		} catch(IOException e) {
			throw e;
		}finally{
			if(bos!=null){try {bos.close();} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}}
			if(bis!=null){try {bis.close();} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}}
		}
	}

★模拟缓冲字节流

package com.lfd.io.learn;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * 模拟缓冲字节输入流 
 */
public class L5MyBufferedInputStream extends InputStream{

	private InputStream is;
	private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	private int count = 0;
	private int pos = 0;
	
	public L5MyBufferedInputStream(InputStream is){
		this.is = is;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int read() throws IOException {
		if(count == 0){
			count = is.read(buffer);
			pos = 0;
		}
		if(count<0){
			return -1;
		}else{
			byte b = buffer[pos];
			count--;
			pos++;
			return b&255;
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void close() throws IOException {
		is.close();
	}
}

★使用转换流读取控制台输入并将输入打印至控制台

＊System.setIn()和System.setOut()可以改变标准输入输出设备

	/**
	 * 读取转换流在控制台读取输入与控制打印
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void readWriteConsole() throws IOException{
		BufferedReader br = null; 
		BufferedWriter bw = null;
		try {
			String sl = null;
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
			while(!"over".equals((sl=br.readLine()))){
				bw.write(sl);
				bw.newLine();
				bw.flush();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			throw e;
		}finally{
			try{if(bw!=null)bw.close();}catch(IOException ex){ex.printStackTrace();}
			try{if(br!=null)br.close();}catch(IOException ex){ex.printStackTrace();}
		}
	}