一张图，彻底理解Java中六种线程状态以及各状态之间的转换（含示例/测试代码）

目录

状态分类

状态转换

Code

New > Runnable > Terminated

New > Runnable > Timed_Waiting > Terminated

New > Blocked > Runnable > Terminated

---

状态分类

Java. Lang.Thread.State

New

尚未启动的线程的线程状态。

Runnable

可运行线程的线程状态，等待CPU调度。

Blocked

线程阻塞等待监视器锁定的线程状态。 处于synchronized同步代码块或方法中被阻塞。

Waiting

等待线程的线程状态。下列不带超时的方式： Object.wait.Thread.join LockSupport.park

Timed Waiting

具有指定等待时间的等待线程的线程状态。

• 下列带超时的方式：Thread.sleep/Object.wait/Thread.join/LockSupport.parkNanos/LockSupport.parkUntil

Terminated

终止线程的线程状态。线程正常完成执行或者出现异常。 

 

状态转换

Code

New > Runnable > Terminated

• code

System.out.println("#######第一种状态切换  - 新建 -> 运行 -> 终止################################");
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("thread1当前状态：" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
        System.out.println("thread1 执行了");
    }
});

System.out.println("没调用start方法，thread1当前状态：" + thread1.getState().toString());
thread1.start();
Thread.sleep(2000L); // 等待thread1执行结束，再看状态
System.out.println("等待两秒，再看thread1当前状态：" + thread1.getState().toString());
//TODO !!!注意，线程终止之后，再进行调用，会抛出IllegalThreadStateException异常
thread1.start();

 

• print

没调用start方法，thread1当前状态：NEW
thread1当前状态：RUNNABLE
thread1 执行了
等待两秒，再看thread1当前状态：TERMINATED

 

New > Runnable > Timed_Waiting > Terminated

Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {// 将线程2移动到等待状态，1500后自动唤醒
            Thread.sleep(1500);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("thread2当前状态：" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
        System.out.println("thread2 执行了");
    }
});
//1. New
System.out.println("没调用start方法，thread2当前状态：" + thread2.getState().toString());
thread2.start();

//2. Runnable
System.out.println("调用start方法，thread2当前状态：" + thread2.getState().toString());
Thread.sleep(200L); // 等待200毫秒，再看状态

//3. Timed_Waiting
System.out.println("等待200毫秒，再看thread2当前状态：" + thread2.getState().toString());
Thread.sleep(3000L); // 再等待3秒，让thread2执行完毕，再看状态

//4. Terminated
System.out.println("等待3秒，再看thread2当前状态：" + thread2.getState().toString());

New > Blocked > Runnable > Terminated

Thread thread3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (Demo2.class) {
            //4. Runnable
            System.out.println("thread3当前状态：" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
            System.out.println("thread3 执行了");
        }
    }
});
synchronized (Demo2.class) {
    //1. New
    System.out.println("没调用start方法，thread3当前状态：" + thread3.getState().toString());
    thread3.start();
    
    //2. Runnable
    System.out.println("调用start方法，thread3当前状态：" + thread3.getState().toString());
    Thread.sleep(200L); // 等待200毫秒，再看状态
    
    3. Blocked
    System.out.println("等待200毫秒，再看thread3当前状态：" + thread3.getState().toString());
}
Thread.sleep(3000L); // 再等待3秒，让thread3执行完毕，再看状态

//5. Terminated
System.out.println("等待3秒，让thread3抢到锁，再看thread3当前状态：" + thread2.getState().toString());