懒人如何在ubuntu下安装jdk

1.将下载的jdk_xxx_xxx.bin文件放在home目录下
然后复制改文件到/usr/lib/jvm/(之前安装过jdk的有jvm目录，没有的自己建：sudo mkdir  /usr/lib/jvm)
sudo cp jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin /usr/lib/jvm/

2.执行jdk_xxx_xxx.bin文件
sudo ./jdk_xxx_xxx.bin

3.配置
分别执行以下三条命令：
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk_xxx_xxx.bin/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk_xxx_xxx.bin/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk_xxx_xxx.bin/bin/javaws" 1

4.查看是否成功
java -version
若没成功，那是因为之前有安装过jdk了得执行以下三条命令：
sudo update-alternatives --config java
执行后如下：
There are 2 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

  Selection    Path                                      Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java   1061      auto mode
* 1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java   1061      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk_xxx_xxx.bin/bin/java          1         manual mode
选择2 才是自己安装的
以下两条同理。
sudo update-alternatives --config javac
sudo update-alternatives --config javaws
最后再
java -version
这下结果就好了：
java version "xxxx_xxx"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build xxxx_xxx-b06)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.45-b01, mixed mode)

参考文档：
Install the JDK

Download he 32bit or 64bit Linux "compressed binary file" - it has a ".tar.gz" file extension i.e. "[java-version]-i586.tar.gz"

for 32bit and "[java-version]-x64.tar.gz" for 64bit
Uncompress it

tar -xvf jdk-7u2-linux-i586.tar.gz (32bit)

tar -xvf jdk-7u2-linux-x64.tar.gz (64bit)

JDK 7 package is extracted into ./jdk1.7.0_02 directory.- Now move the JDK 7 directory to/usr/lib

sudo mv ./jdk1.7.0_02 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0

Now run
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javaws" 1
Run
sudo update-alternatives --config java
You will see output similar one below - choose the number of jdk1.7.0 - for example3 in this list:

$sudo update-alternatives –config java
There are 3 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

Selection Path Priority Status
————————————————————
* 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 auto mode
1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 manual mode
2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/jre/bin/java 63 manual mode
3 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/bin/java 3 manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 3
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in manual mode.
Check the version of you new JDK 7 installation:

java -version

java version “1.7.0”
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-b147)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 21.0-b17, mixed mode)
Repeat the above for:

sudo update-alternatives --config javac
sudo update-alternatives --config javaws
Enable mozilla firefox plugin:

32 bit:
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/

64 bit:
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/