python使用蓝牙库选择

蓝牙库选择

pybluez

项目地址：https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez
文档地址：https://pybluez.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
蓝牙支持：经典蓝牙 / BLE蓝牙【仅Linux】
平台支持：

Linux	Raspberry Pi	macOS	Windows
✔️	✔️	✔️	✔️

bluepy

项目地址：https://github.com/IanHarvey/bluepy
蓝牙支持：BLE蓝牙【仅Linux】
平台支持：Linux

gatt-python

项目地址：https://github.com/getsenic/gatt-python
蓝牙支持：BLE蓝牙【仅Linux】
平台支持：Linux

PySide6.QtBluetooth

Qt for Python的蓝牙，文档 https://doc.qt.io/qtforpython-6/PySide6/QtBluetooth/index.html
蓝牙支持 / 平台支持：

bleak

项目地址：https://github.com/hbldh/bleak
文档地址：https://bleak.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
蓝牙支持：BLE蓝牙【windows 10/Linux】
平台支持：

• Supports Windows 10, version 16299 (Fall Creators Update) or greater
• Supports Linux distributions with BlueZ >= 5.43 (See Linux backend for more details)
• OS X/macOS support via Core Bluetooth API, from at least OS X version 10.11

pybluez安装

pip安装

pip install pybluez

具体安装细节详见 https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez/blob/master/docs/install.rst

常见错误

错误一：使用废弃的 use_2to3 报错

安装错误

$ pip install --upgrade pybluez
Collecting pybluez
  Using cached PyBluez-0.23.tar.gz (97 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [1 lines of output]
      error in PyBluez setup command: use_2to3 is invalid.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

错误原因详见：PyBluez Issues#431
解决方案：使用如下命令从源代码安装

pip install git+https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git#egg=pybluez

错误二：源码安装没有对应的Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0库

$ pip install git+https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git#egg=pybluez
Collecting pybluez
  Cloning https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git to c:\users\acer\appdata\local\temp\pip-install-mki8zoy9\pybluez_5660e54d6b4643c2a85546348792a2ee
  Running command git clone --filter=blob:none --quiet https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git 'C:\Users\acer\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-mki8zoy9\pybluez_5660e54d6b4643c2a85546348792a2ee'
  Resolved https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git to commit 4d46ce14d9e888e3b0c65d5d3ba2a703f8e5e861
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pybluez
  Building wheel for pybluez (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for pybluez (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [15 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\ble.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\bluez.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\btcommon.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\macos.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\msbt.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      copying bluetooth\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\bluetooth
      running build_ext
      building 'bluetooth._msbt' extension
      error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pybluez
Failed to build pybluez
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pybluez, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

解决方式：从https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/下载Microsoft C++ 生成工具安装后重新执行指令。

$ pip install git+https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git#egg=pybluez
Collecting pybluez
  Cloning https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git to c:\users\acer\appdata\local\temp\pip-install-n2w1b_hj\pybluez_e8804231d731412e974e0d8e7a4a56f4
  Running command git clone --filter=blob:none --quiet https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git 'C:\Users\acer\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-n2w1b_hj\pybluez_e8804231d731412e974e0d8e7a4a56f4'
  Resolved https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez.git to commit 4d46ce14d9e888e3b0c65d5d3ba2a703f8e5e861
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pybluez
  Building wheel for pybluez (pyproject.toml) ... done
  Created wheel for pybluez: filename=PyBluez-0.30-cp311-cp311-win_amd64.whl size=38986 sha256=a37ebad09bb1196f44d7a90900694c0ac1802c83efef5d3766a908dc6b23fd84
  Stored in directory: C:\Users\acer\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-ephem-wheel-cache-dtnnjqfc\wheels\99\fe\57\0c682c42e37c808dc69125bf83b302f94976743c8cb038a845      
Successfully built pybluez
Installing collected packages: pybluez
Successfully installed pybluez-0.30