回溯

Quite recently a creative student Lesha had a lecture on trees. After the lecture Lesha was inspired and came up with the tree of his own which he called a k-tree.

k-tree is an infinite rooted tree where:

  • each vertex has exactly k children;
  • each edge has some weight;
  • if we look at the edges that goes from some vertex to its children (exactly k edges), then their weights will equal 1, 2, 3, ..., k.

The picture below shows a part of a 3-tree.

As soon as Dima, a good friend of Lesha, found out about the tree, he immediately wondered: "How many paths of total weight  n  (the sum of all weights of the edges in the path) are there, starting from the root of a  k -tree and also containing at least one edge of weight at least  d ?".



#include <iostream>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>


#define INF 100 + 5


using namespace std;


int num[INF];


int n,k,d;
int sum,ans;
int maxn;
bool flag ;


void fan()
{


   //cout<<"maxn"<<maxn<<endl;
   //cout<<"sum"<<sum<<endl;
    if(sum == n)
    {
        if(maxn >= d)
         ans++;
         //cout<<"ans      "<<ans<<endl;
        return ;
    }


   for( int i = 0; i< k; i++)
   {


      if(sum + num[i] <= n)
       {
           if(maxn < num[i])
               maxn = num[i];
           sum += num[i];
           fan();
          // cout<<"num      "<<i<<endl;
           sum -= num[i];
       }
   }
   return ;
}


int main()
{


    scanf("%d %d %d",&n ,&k, &d);
    ans = 0;


    if( n == 1)
     printf("1\n");


   else
   {
       //cout<<n<<endl;
       for( int i = 0 ; i< k; i++)
          num[i] = i+1;
       for( int i = 0; i<k; i++)
       {
           flag = false;
           maxn = num[i];
           sum = num[i];
           fan();
       }
       printf("%d\n",ans);
   }
   return 0;


}
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