hdu5144 物理+三分

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5144

Problem Description

NPY is going to have a PE test.One of the test subjects is throwing the shot.The height of NPY is H meters.He can throw the shot at the speed of v0 m/s and at the height of exactly H meters.He wonders if he throws the shot at the best angle,how far can he throw ?(The acceleration of gravity, g, is  9.8m/s2 )

 

Input

The first line contains a integer  T(T≤10000) ,which indicates the number of test cases.
The next T lines,each contains 2 integers  H(0≤h≤10000m) ,which means the height of NPY,and  v0(0≤v0≤10000m/s) , which means the initial velocity.

 

Output

For each query,print a real number X that was rounded to 2 digits after decimal point in a separate line.X indicates the farthest distance he can throw.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   2
0 1
1 2
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   0.10
0.99

   
   

    
    

     
     Hint
    
    
If the height of NPY is 0,and he throws the shot at the 45° angle, he can throw farthest.
   
   
  
  

/**
hdu5144物理题+三分
题目大意：每次从一定高度以速度v扔一个小球，求在以最优的角度前提下小球水平可以飞出的距离。
解题思路：设抛出角度为a，将速度沿着水平和竖直方向分解，求出小球的滞空时间表达式，然后三分求解即可
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
double h,v;
double f(double a)
{
    double g=9.8,vx=v*cos(a),vy=v*sin(a);
    return vx*(vy/g+sqrt((2*h*g+vy*vy)/(g*g)));
}
int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        scanf("%lf%lf",&h,&v);
        double l=0,r=90.0;
        while((r-l)>=1e-10)
        {
           double ll,rr;
           ll=(l*2+r)/3;
           rr=(l+r*2)/3;
           if(f(ll)<f(rr))
               l=ll;
           else
               r=rr;
        }
        printf("%.2lf\n",f(l));
    }
    return 0;
}