题目地址(140. 单词拆分 II)
https://leetcode.cn/problems/word-break-ii/
题目描述
给定一个字符串 s 和一个字符串字典 wordDict ,在字符串 s 中增加空格来构建一个句子,使得句子中所有的单词都在词典中。以任意顺序 返回所有这些可能的句子。
注意:词典中的同一个单词可能在分段中被重复使用多次。
示例 1:
输入:s = "catsanddog", wordDict = ["cat","cats","and","sand","dog"]
输出:["cats and dog","cat sand dog"]
示例 2:
输入:s = "pineapplepenapple", wordDict = ["apple","pen","applepen","pine","pineapple"]
输出:["pine apple pen apple","pineapple pen apple","pine applepen apple"]
解释: 注意你可以重复使用字典中的单词。
示例 3:
输入:s = "catsandog", wordDict = ["cats","dog","sand","and","cat"]
输出:[]
提示:
1 <= s.length <= 20
1 <= wordDict.length <= 1000
1 <= wordDict[i].length <= 10
s 和 wordDict[i] 仅有小写英文字母组成
wordDict 中所有字符串都 不同
关键点
- 回溯算法
代码
- 语言支持:Java
Java Code:
class Solution {
List<String> res = new LinkedList<>();
LinkedList<String> track = new LinkedList<>();
public List<String> wordBreak(String s, List<String> wordDict) {
backtrack(s, 0, wordDict);
return res;
}
// 回溯算法框架
void backtrack(String s, int i, List<String> wordDict) {
// base case,整个 s 都被拼出来了
if (i == s.length()) {
res.add(String.join(" ", track));
return;
}
if (i > s.length()) {
return;
}
for (String word : wordDict) {
int len = word.length();
if (i + len > s.length()) continue; // 单词太长,跳过
// 无法匹配,跳过
String subStr = s.substring(i, i + len);
if (!subStr.equals(word)) {
continue;
}
track.addLast(word);
backtrack(s, i + len, wordDict);
track.removeLast(); // 回溯
}
}
}