线程池代码:
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package cn.gaialine.threadpool;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* 线程池测试用例
* @author yangyong
*
*/
public class TestThreadPool {
//线程池维护线程的最少数量,可以根据消耗内存大小调整
private static final int COREPOOLSIZE = 2;
//线程池维护线程的最大数量,可以根据消耗内存大小调整
private static final int MAXINUMPOOLSIZE = 5;
//线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间
private static final long KEEPALIVETIME = 4;
//线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间的单位
private static final TimeUnit UNIT = TimeUnit.SECONDS;
//线程池所使用的缓冲队列,这里队列大小为3
private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> WORKQUEUE = new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(3);
//线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略:AbortPolicy为抛出异常;CallerRunsPolicy为重试添加当前的任务,他会自动重复调用execute()方法;DiscardOldestPolicy为抛弃旧的任务,DiscardPolicy为抛弃当前的任务
//使用时注意调整这里
private static final AbortPolicy HANDLER = new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO 初始化线程池
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(COREPOOLSIZE, MAXINUMPOOLSIZE, KEEPALIVETIME, UNIT, WORKQUEUE, HANDLER);
//ExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
String task = "task@"+i;
System.out.println("put->"+task);
//一个任务通过 execute(Runnable)方法被添加到线程池,任务就是一个 Runnable类型的对象,任务的执行方法就是 Runnable类型对象的run()方法
//处理任务的优先级为:核心线程corePoolSize、任务队列workQueue、最大线程maximumPoolSize,如果三者都满了,使用handler处理被拒绝的任务
//设此时线程池中的数量为currentPoolSize,若currentPoolSize>corePoolSize,则创建新的线程执行被添加的任务,
//当corePoolSize+workQueue>currentPoolSize>=corePoolSize,新增任务被放入缓冲队列,
//当maximumPoolSize>currentPoolSize>=corePoolSize+workQueue,建新线程来处理被添加的任务,
//当currentPoolSize>=maximumPoolSize,通过 handler所指定的策略来处理新添加的任务
//本例中可以同时可以被处理的任务最多为maximumPoolSize+WORKQUEUE=8个,其中最多5个在线程中正在处理,3个在缓冲队列中等待被处理
//当currentPoolSize>corePoolSize时,如果某线程空闲时间超过keepAliveTime,线程将被终止。这样,线程池可以动态的调整池中的线程数
threadPool.execute(new ThreadPoolTask(task));
//executorService1.execute(new ThreadPoolTask(task));
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
threadPool.shutdown();//关闭主线程,但线程池会继续运行,直到所有任务执行完才会停止。若不调用该方法线程池会一直保持下去,以便随时添加新的任务
//executorService1.shutdown();
}
}
线程任务代码:
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package cn.gaialine.threadpool;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 任务task
* @author yangyong
*
*/
public class ThreadPoolTask implements Runnable,Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8568367025140842876L;
private Object threadPoolTaskData;
private static int produceTaskSleepTime = 10000;
public ThreadPoolTask(Object threadPoolTaskData) {
super();
this.threadPoolTaskData = threadPoolTaskData;
}
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("start..."+threadPoolTaskData);
try {
//模拟线程正在执行任务
Thread.sleep(produceTaskSleepTime);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("stop..."+threadPoolTaskData);
threadPoolTaskData = null;
}
public Object getTask(){
return this.threadPoolTaskData;
}
}
执行测试,每1秒添加一个任务,每个任务执行10秒,查看打印数据:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
put->task@1
start...task@1
put->task@2
start...task@2
put->task@3
put->task@4
put->task@5
put->task@6
start...task@6
put->task@7
start...task@7
put->task@8
start...task@8
put->task@9
Exception in thread "main" java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$AbortPolicy.rejectedExecution(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.reject(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.execute(Unknown Source)
at cn.gaialine.threadpool.TestThreadPool.main(TestThreadPool.java:42)
stop...task@1
start...task@3
stop...task@2
start...task@4
stop...task@6
start...task@5
stop...task@7
stop...task@8
stop...task@3
stop...task@4
stop...task@5
备注:
-----------------------------------
从中可以看出task1和task2依次最先执行,这时候currentPoolSize=2达到了corePoolSize,task3、task4、task5被送入缓冲队列,达到了workQueue最大值3,
task6、task7、task8开启新的线程开始执行,
此时currentPoolSize=5达到了maximumPoolSize,task9、task10根据AbortPolicy策略抛出异常,不再执行task9和task10。
10秒钟后task1、task2....依次执行完毕释放线程,开始执行队列里的task3、task4、task5,最后task3、4、5执行完毕,所有任务完成
JDK根据ThreadPoolExecutor配置好的线程池(JDK推荐使用的线程池):
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// 固定工作线程数量的线程池
ExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
// 一个可缓存的线程池
ExecutorService executorService2 = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
// 单线程化的Executor
ExecutorService executorService3 = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
// 支持定时的以及周期性的任务执行
ExecutorService executorService4 = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);