Problem B
Yet another Number Sequence
Input: standard input
Output: standard output
Time Limit: 3 seconds
Let's define another number sequence, given by the following function:
f(0) = a
f(1) = b
f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2),n>1
When a = 0 and b = 1, this sequence gives the Fibonacci Sequence. Changing the values of a and
b , you can get many different sequences. Given the values of a, b, you have to find the last m
digits of f(n) .
Input
The first line gives the number of test cases, which is less than 10001. Each test case consists of
a single line containing the integers a b n m. The values of a and b range in [0,100], value of n
ranges in [0, 1000000000] and value of m ranges in [1, 4].
Output
For each test case, print the last m digits of f(n). However, you should NOT print any leading
zero.
Sample Input Output for Sample Input
4
0 1 11 3
0 1 42 4
0 1 22 4
0 1 21 4
89
4296
7711
946
Problem setter: Sadrul Habib Chowdhury
Special Thanks: Derek Kisman, Member of Elite Problem Setters’ Panel
Yet another Number Sequence
Input: standard input
Output: standard output
Time Limit: 3 seconds
Let's define another number sequence, given by the following function:
f(0) = a
f(1) = b
f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2),n>1
When a = 0 and b = 1, this sequence gives the Fibonacci Sequence. Changing the values of a and
b , you can get many different sequences. Given the values of a, b, you have to find the last m
digits of f(n) .
Input
The first line gives the number of test cases, which is less than 10001. Each test case consists of
a single line containing the integers a b n m. The values of a and b range in [0,100], value of n
ranges in [0, 1000000000] and value of m ranges in [1, 4].
Output
For each test case, print the last m digits of f(n). However, you should NOT print any leading
zero.
Sample Input Output for Sample Input
4
0 1 11 3
0 1 42 4
0 1 22 4
0 1 21 4
89
4296
7711
946
Problem setter: Sadrul Habib Chowdhury
Special Thanks: Derek Kisman, Member of Elite Problem Setters’ Panel
/*
就是快速幂斐波那契数
加油!!!
Time:2015-4-8 16:14
*/
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int mod;
struct Matrix{
int mat[2][2];
int n;
void Init(int _n){
n=_n;
memset(mat,0,sizeof(mat));
}
Matrix operator *(const Matrix &b)const{
Matrix ret; ret.Init(n);
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
for(int k=0;k<n;k++){
ret.mat[i][j]+=mat[i][k]*b.mat[k][j];
ret.mat[i][j]%=mod;
}
}
}
return ret;
}
};
Matrix pow_mat(Matrix a,int k){
Matrix ret;
ret.Init(2);
ret.mat[0][0]=1;ret.mat[1][1]=1;
while(k>0){
if(k&1) ret=ret*a;
a=a*a;
k>>=1;
}
return ret;
}
int main(){
int T;
int a,b,c,d;
Matrix f,trans;
trans.Init(2);f.Init(2);
trans.mat[0][0]=0; trans.mat[0][1]=trans.mat[1][0]=trans.mat[1][1]=1;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);
mod=1;while(d--){mod*=10;}
f.mat[0][0]=a;f.mat[0][1]=b;
Matrix ret=pow_mat(trans,c);
/*
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
for(int j=0;j<2;j++)
printf("%d ",ret.mat[i][j]);
puts("");
}*/
f=f*ret;
printf("%d\n",f.mat[0][0]);
}
return 0;
}