Netty和原生Java的性能比较

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-23 18:52:22 发布

Java学研大本营

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-23 18:52:22 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013643074/article/details/131702608

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Netty是基于异步事件循环的网络应用编程方法，常用于快速开发高性能的网络服务器和客户端程序。本文将通过代码测试Netty和Java本地服务器对比出Netty的优势。

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Netty是一种基于异步事件循环的网络应用编程方法。本文对比Netty与Java的本地服务器。虽然目前本地服务器使用的人不多，但我仍要找出netty比本地服务器的好处有多少。让我们开始吧。

1 测试设置

测试是在16G内存的MacBook Pro M1上执行的。

软件的版本是：

Netty 4.1.91 (Java v20)
Java v20

这两种情况下的hello world HTTP服务器代码如下：

2 Netty

2.1 HttpHelloWorldServer.java

package com.example.demo;

import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;

public final class HttpHelloWorldServer {

    static final int PORT = 3000;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
             .childHandler(new HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer());

            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
            ch.closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

2.2 HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer.java

package com.example.demo;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.compression.CompressionOptions;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContentCompressor;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerExpectContinueHandler;


public class HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {

    @Override
    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
        ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
        p.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
        p.addLast(new HttpContentCompressor((CompressionOptions[]) null));
        p.addLast(new HttpServerExpectContinueHandler());
        p.addLast(new HttpHelloWorldServerHandler());
    }
}

2.3 HttpHelloWorldServerHandler.java

package com.example.demo;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObject;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpUtil;

import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderValues.CLOSE;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderValues.KEEP_ALIVE;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderValues.TEXT_PLAIN;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;

public class HttpHelloWorldServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
    private static final byte[] CONTENT = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd', '!' };

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) {
        if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
            HttpRequest req = (HttpRequest) msg;

            boolean keepAlive = HttpUtil.isKeepAlive(req);
            FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(), OK,
                                                                    Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(CONTENT));
            response.headers()
                    .set(CONTENT_TYPE, TEXT_PLAIN)
                    .setInt(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.content().readableBytes());

            if (keepAlive) {
                if (!req.protocolVersion().isKeepAliveDefault()) {
                    response.headers().set(CONNECTION, KEEP_ALIVE);
                }
            } else {
                response.headers().set(CONNECTION, CLOSE);
            }

            ChannelFuture f = ctx.write(response);

            if (!keepAlive) {
                f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

3 Native Java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

public class NativeHelloWorldServer {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(3000), 0);
    server.createContext("/", new MyHandler());
    server.setExecutor(Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
    server.start();
  }

  static class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {
    @Override
    public void handle(HttpExchange t) throws IOException {
      String response = "Hello world!";
      t.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.length());
      OutputStream os = t.getResponseBody();
      os.write(response.getBytes());
      os.close();
    }
  }
}