#define typec int // type of key val using namespace std; const int na = -1; int swap(int &x,int &y) { int t = x; x = y; y = t; } struct node { typec key; int l, r, f, dist; } tr[N]; int iroot(int i) // find i's root { if (i == na) return i; while (tr[i].f != na) i = tr[i].f; return i; } int merge(int rx, int ry) { // two root: rx, ry if (rx == na) return ry; if (ry == na) return rx; if (tr[rx].key > tr[ry].key) swap(rx, ry); int r = merge(tr[rx].r, ry); tr[rx].r = r; tr[r].f = rx; if (tr[r].dist > tr[tr[rx].l].dist) swap(tr[rx].l, tr[rx].r); if (tr[rx].r == na) tr[rx].dist = 0; else tr[rx].dist = tr[tr[rx].r].dist + 1; return rx; // return new root } int ins(int i, typec key, int root) { // add a new node(i, key) tr[i].key = key; tr[i].l = tr[i].r = tr[i].f = na; tr[i].dist = 0; return root = merge(root, i); // return new root } int del(int i) { // delete node i if (i == na) return i; int x, y, l, r; l = tr[i].l; r = tr[i].r; y = tr[i].f; tr[i].l = tr[i].r = tr[i].f = na; tr[x = merge(l, r)].f = y; if (y != na && tr[y].l == i) tr[y].l = x; if (y != na && tr[y].r == i) tr[y].r = x; for ( ; y != na; x = y, y = tr[y].f) { if (tr[tr[y].l].dist < tr[tr[y].r].dist) swap(tr[y].l, tr[y].r); if (tr[tr[y].r].dist + 1 == tr[y].dist) break; tr[y].dist = tr[tr[y].r].dist + 1; } if (x != na) return iroot(x); // return new root else return iroot(y); } node top(int root) { return tr[root]; } node pop(int &root) { node out = tr[root]; int l = tr[root].l, r = tr[root].r; tr[root].l = tr[root].r = tr[root].f = na; tr[l].f = tr[r].f = na; root = merge(l, r); return out; } int add(int i, typec val) // tr[i].key += val { if (i == na) return i; if (tr[i].l == na && tr[i].r == na && tr[i].f == na) { tr[i].key += val; return i; } typec key = tr[i].key + val; int rt = del(i); return ins(i, key, rt); } int init(int n) { int root=-1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { scanf("%d", &tr[i].key); //%d: type of key tr[i].l = tr[i].r = tr[i].f = na; tr[i].dist = 0; root = merge(root,i); } return root; }