Linux 字符设备操作-hello

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/device.h>

struct cdev cdev; 
dev_t devno;
static struct class *cls;
static struct device *test_device;
/* We suppose this is the two device's registers */
int dev1_registers[5];
int dev2_registers[5];
/*文件打开函数*/
int hello_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    /*获取次设备号*/
    int num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
    
    if (num == 0)
        filp->private_data = dev1_registers;
    else if(num == 1)
        filp->private_data = dev2_registers;
    else
        return -ENODEV;  //无效的次设备号
    
    return 0; 
}

/*文件释放函数*/
int hello_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    return 0;
}

/*读函数*/
static ssize_t hello_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
    unsigned long p = *ppos;
    unsigned int count = size;
    int ret = 0;
    int *register_addr = filp->private_data; /*获取设备的寄存器基地址*/

    /*判断读位置是否有效*/
    if (p >= 5 * sizeof(int))
        return 0;
    if (count > 5 * sizeof(int) - p)
        count = 5 * sizeof(int) - p;

  /*读数据到用户空间*/
    if (copy_to_user(buf, register_addr + p, count))
    {
        ret = -EFAULT;
    }
    else
    {
        *ppos += count;
        ret = count;
    }
    
    return ret;
}

/*写函数*/
static ssize_t hello_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
    unsigned long p =  *ppos;
    unsigned int count = size;
    int ret = 0;
    int *register_addr = filp->private_data; /*获取设备的寄存器地址*/
  
    /*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
    if (p >= 5*sizeof(int))
        return 0;
    
    if (count > 5 * sizeof(int) - p)
        count = 5 * sizeof(int) - p;
    
    /*从用户空间写入数据*/
    if (copy_from_user(register_addr + p, buf, count))
        ret = -EFAULT;
    else
    {
        *ppos += count;
        ret = count;
    }
    
    return ret;
}

/* seek文件定位函数 */
static loff_t hello_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int whence)
{ 
    loff_t newpos;

    switch(whence) {
        case SEEK_SET: 
            newpos = offset;
            break;

        case SEEK_CUR: 
            newpos = filp->f_pos + offset;
            break;

        case SEEK_END: 
            newpos = 5 * sizeof(int) - 1 + offset;
            break;
        
        default: 
            return -EINVAL;
    }
    
    if ((newpos < 0) || (newpos > 5 * sizeof(int)))
        return -EINVAL;
        
    filp->f_pos = newpos;
    
    return newpos;
}

/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations hello_fops =
{
    .open = hello_open,    
    .read = hello_read,
    .write = hello_write,
    .llseek = hello_llseek,
    .release = hello_release,
};
static int hello_init()    
{    
    printk(KERN_EMERG "hello module has been mount!\n");
    /*初始化cdev结构*/
    cdev_init(&cdev, &hello_fops);
  
    /* 注册字符设备 */
    alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "hello"); 
    
    cdev_add(&cdev, devno, 2); // cat proc/devices 可以查看hello
	cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "helloclass"); //生成/sys/class/helloclass/
	test_device = device_create(cls,NULL,devno,NULL,"hello"); //生成dev/hello
	
	if(IS_ERR(test_device))
	{
		class_destroy(cls);
		unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 2);
		return -EBUSY;
	}
    return 0;    
}    

static void hello_exit()    
{   
    device_destroy(cls,devno);
	class_destroy(cls);
    cdev_del(&cdev);   /*注销设备*/
    unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 2); /*释放设备号*/
    printk(KERN_EMERG "hello module has been remove!\n");    
}    

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");  
module_init(hello_init);    
module_exit(hello_exit);