Using label elements to associate text labels with form controls

如果<label>标签使用的时候没有与一个form control 绑定在一起的话，使用WAVE检查accessbility的时候这种情况会被标记出来。

需要给每一个label都绑定一个form control 来提高usability

The objective of this technique is to use the label element to explicitly associate a form control with a label. A label is attached to a specific form control through the use of the for attribute. The value of the for attribute must be the same as the value of the id attribute of the form control.

The id attribute may have the same value as the name attribute, but both must be provided, and the id must be unique in the Web page.

This technique is sufficient for Success Criteria 1.1.1, 1.3.1 and 4.1.2 whether or not the label element is visible. That is, it may be hidden using CSS. However, for Success Criterion 3.3.2, the label element must be visible since it provides assistance to all users who need help understanding the purpose of the field.

An additional benefit of this technique is a larger clickable area for the control, since clicking on the label or the control will activate the control. This can be helpful for users with impaired motor control.

Note that the label is positioned after input elements of type="checkbox" and type="radio".

Note 1: Elements that use explicitly associated labels are:

• input type="text"

• input type="checkbox"

• input type="radio"

• input type="file"

• input type="password"

• textarea

• select

Note 2: The label element is not used for the following because labels for these elements are provided via the value attribute (for Submit and Reset buttons), the altattribute (for image buttons), or element content itself (button).

• Submit and Reset buttons ( input type="submit" or input type="reset")

• Image buttons ( input type="image")

• Hidden input fields ( input type="hidden")

• Script buttons (button elements or <input type="button">)

Example 1: A text input field

The text field in the example below has the explicit label of "First name:". The label element's for attribute matches the id attribute of the input element.

Example Code:

<label for="firstname">First name:</label> 
<input type="text" name="firstname" id="firstname" />

Example 2: A checkbox

Example Code:

<input type="checkbox" id="markuplang" name="computerskills" checked="checked">
<label for="markuplang">HTML</label>

Example 3: A group of radio buttons

A small, related group of radio buttons with a clear description and labels for each individual element.

Note: To provide clear associations and instructions for a large set of related radio buttons H71: Providing a description for groups of form controls using fieldset and legend elements , should be considered.

Example Code:

 <h1>Donut Selection</h1>

<p>Choose the type of donut(s) you would like then select 
   the "purchase donuts" button.</p>

<form action="http://example.com/donut" method="post">
<p>
  <input type="radio" name="flavor" id="choc" value="chocolate" />
    <label for="choc">Chocolate</label><br/>
  <input type="radio" name="flavor" id="cream" value="cream"/>
    <label for="cream">Cream Filled</label><br/>
  <input type="radio" name="flavor" id="honey" value="honey"/>
    <label for="honey">Honey Glazed</label><br/>
  <input type="submit" value="Purchase Donuts"/>
</p>
</form>