创建RMAN catalog

要创建恢复目录过程不是很复杂：

1、为恢复目录创建一个独立的表空间：

create tablespace rmantbs datafile '~~.dbf' size 50m;

恢复目录通常不会太大，所以这里size设置为50m；

注意：千万不要将恢复目录创建在要备份的目标数据库，放在一起就不安全啦！！！

（这里演示用的只是一个数据库，两个数据库的步骤是差不多的）

2、创建一个独立的schema，用来记录备份信息，并授予相关权利：

create user rmanct identified by rmanct default tablespace rmantbs;

grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rmanct;

3、通过rman连接到新创建的恢复目录中

rman catalog rmanct/rmanct;

4、在rman中创建catalog

create catalog tablespace rmantbs;

注：一个恢复目录可以同时为多个目标数据库提供服务，使用前只需在目录中注册数据库即可

5、注册数据库

退出刚才rman的登录

[oracle@smile rmantbs]$ rman target / catalog rmanct/rmanct@orcl

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 29 14:42:39 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1370676903)

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed

RMAN-04004: error from recovery catalog database:  ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

啊哦，出问题了，应该和监听有关

使用lsnrctl  status查看一下：

[oracle@smile admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-OCT-2014 14:31:38

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521)))

TNS-12541: TNS:no listener

 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

  TNS-00511: No listener

   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))

TNS-12541: TNS:no listener

 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

  TNS-00511: No listener

   Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

没开呢，那就打开试试~~

[oracle@smile admin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-OCT-2014 14:31:53

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521)))

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))

TNS-01155: Incorrectly specified SID_LIST_LISTENER parameter in LISTENER.ORA

 NL-00303: syntax error in NV string

Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...

~~~~

去查看listener.ora吧~~

好乱啊~~改了好半天，没办法又重建了（直接到官方文档里去找）：

LISTENER=

  (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521))

      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))

SID_LIST_LISTENER=

  (SID_LIST=

    (SID_DESC=

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)

      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME=orcl))

   (SID_DESC=

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=nakama)

      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME=nakama))

    (SID_DESC=

      (SID_NAME=plsextproc)

      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (PROGRAM=extproc)))

但是还是报错，我在网上查看，说是格式可能有问题，然后又对格式调啊调，哈，再开居然启动成功了：

[oracle@smile admin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-OCT-2014 14:43:26

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521)))

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 30-OCT-2014 14:43:26

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=smile)(PORT=1521)))

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))

Services Summary...

Service "nakama" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "nakama", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "plsextproc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "plsextproc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

哪些空格什么的太麻烦了。。。。。（ http://www.51itstudy.com/8704.html   可以参考这篇）

然后再去试试恢复目录：

[oracle@smile rmantbs]$ rman target / catalog rmanct/rmanct@orcl

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 29 14:42:39 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1370676903)

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed

RMAN-04004: error from recovery catalog database:  ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

依然报错，那监听是没问题了，再看看tnsnames.ora的配置吧

里面居然没有orcl的解析，那就添加一个试试：

ORCL =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.146.128)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

    )

  )

保存退出，

[oracle@smile admin]$ rman target / catalog rmanct/rmanct@orcl

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 30 15:08:53 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1370676903)

connected to recovery catalog database

成功了

然后注册数据库：

RMAN> register database;

database registered in recovery catalog

starting full resync of recovery catalog

full resync complete

完成(*^__^*) 

有什么不足之处，还望各位多多指点