/*构造string类*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
class String {
//友元函数,该函数虽然不是类成员但是可以访问类中的所有成员
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const String& s);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, String& s);
public:
//无参构造函数
String() : len(0), ptr(new char[1])
{
ptr[0] = '\0';
}
//有参构造函数
String(const char* s) : len(strlen(s)), ptr(new char[len+1])
{
strcpy(ptr, s);
}
//拷贝构造函数(深拷贝)
String(const String& s) : len(s.len), ptr(new char[len+1])
{
strcpy(ptr, s.ptr);
}
//析构函数,用于销毁类在堆区申请的内存,类成员保存在栈区,可自动销毁
~String()
{
delete[] ptr;
}
//重定义字符串长度
void resize(int n)
{
char* p = new char[n+1]{'\0'};
for (int i=0; i<n&&i<len; i++) {
p[i] = ptr[i];
}
len = n;
delete[] ptr;
ptr = p;
}
//操作符重载函数 + 用于拼接两个字符串
String operator+(const char* s)
{
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len + strlen(s));
strcpy(tmp.ptr, ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, s);
return tmp;
}
//操作符重载函数 + 用于拼接两个字符串
String operator+(const String& s)
{
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len + s.len);
strcpy(tmp.ptr, ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, s.ptr);
return tmp;
}
//操作符重载函数 - 用于将第二个字符串从第一个字符串中移除(如果有)
String operator-(const char* s)
{
//strstr 判断字符串2是否出现在字符串1中
char* f = strstr(ptr, s);
if (f == NULL) {
return String(ptr);
} else {
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len - strlen(s));
//strncpy 从字符串指定位置拷贝
strncpy(tmp.ptr, ptr, f-ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, f+strlen(s));
return tmp;
}
}
//操作符重载函数 - 用于将第二个字符串从第一个字符串中移除(如果有)
String operator-(const String& s)
{
char* f = strstr(ptr, s.ptr);
if (f == NULL) {
return String(ptr);
} else {
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len - s.len);
strncpy(tmp.ptr, ptr,f-ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, f+s.len);
return tmp;
}
}
//运算符重载函数 = 赋值运算
String& operator=(const String& s)
{
operator=(s.ptr);
return *this;
}
//运算符重载函数 = 拷贝赋值运算
String& operator=(const char* s)
{
delete[] ptr;
len = strlen(s);
ptr = new char[len+1]{'\0'};
strcpy(ptr, s);
return *this;
}
//操作符重载函数 < 判断字符串的字典序
bool operator<(const String& s)
{
return operator<(s.ptr);
}
//操作符重载函数 < 判断字符串的字典序
bool operator<(const char* s)
{
int ret = strcmp(ptr, s);
return ret < 0;
}
//返回字符串首字符地址
const char* c_str()
{
return ptr;
}
private:
int len;
char* ptr;
};
//重载操作符<<,用于输出类的实例
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const String& s)
{
out << s.ptr;
return out;
}
//重载操作符>>, 用于输入类的实例
istream& operator>>(istream& in, String& s)
{
char* buf = new char[2048]{'\0'};
cin >> buf;
s.operator=(buf);
delete[] buf;
return in;
}
int main()
{
String s("hello");
cout << "s = " << s << endl;
String s1 = s;
cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
cout << "s1+ moring = " << s1 + " moring" << endl;
String s2;
cout << "Input s2 : ";
cin >> s2;
cout << "s2 = : " << s2 << endl;
String s3 = s1+ s2 ;
cout << "s1+s2 = " << s3 << endl;
String s4 = "hello world";
cout << "s4 = " << s4 << endl;
String s5 = s4 - s1;
cout << "s4-s1 = " << s5 << endl;
cout << "s4-h = " << s4 - "h" << endl;
bool b1 = s2 < s1;
cout << "b1 = " << b1 << endl;
bool b2 = s1 < "z";
cout << "b2 = " << b2 << endl;
bool b3 = s1 < "a";
cout << "b3 = " << b3 << endl;
}
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
class String {
//友元函数,该函数虽然不是类成员但是可以访问类中的所有成员
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const String& s);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, String& s);
public:
//无参构造函数
String() : len(0), ptr(new char[1])
{
ptr[0] = '\0';
}
//有参构造函数
String(const char* s) : len(strlen(s)), ptr(new char[len+1])
{
strcpy(ptr, s);
}
//拷贝构造函数(深拷贝)
String(const String& s) : len(s.len), ptr(new char[len+1])
{
strcpy(ptr, s.ptr);
}
//析构函数,用于销毁类在堆区申请的内存,类成员保存在栈区,可自动销毁
~String()
{
delete[] ptr;
}
//重定义字符串长度
void resize(int n)
{
char* p = new char[n+1]{'\0'};
for (int i=0; i<n&&i<len; i++) {
p[i] = ptr[i];
}
len = n;
delete[] ptr;
ptr = p;
}
//操作符重载函数 + 用于拼接两个字符串
String operator+(const char* s)
{
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len + strlen(s));
strcpy(tmp.ptr, ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, s);
return tmp;
}
//操作符重载函数 + 用于拼接两个字符串
String operator+(const String& s)
{
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len + s.len);
strcpy(tmp.ptr, ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, s.ptr);
return tmp;
}
//操作符重载函数 - 用于将第二个字符串从第一个字符串中移除(如果有)
String operator-(const char* s)
{
//strstr 判断字符串2是否出现在字符串1中
char* f = strstr(ptr, s);
if (f == NULL) {
return String(ptr);
} else {
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len - strlen(s));
//strncpy 从字符串指定位置拷贝
strncpy(tmp.ptr, ptr, f-ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, f+strlen(s));
return tmp;
}
}
//操作符重载函数 - 用于将第二个字符串从第一个字符串中移除(如果有)
String operator-(const String& s)
{
char* f = strstr(ptr, s.ptr);
if (f == NULL) {
return String(ptr);
} else {
String tmp;
tmp.resize(len - s.len);
strncpy(tmp.ptr, ptr,f-ptr);
strcat(tmp.ptr, f+s.len);
return tmp;
}
}
//运算符重载函数 = 赋值运算
String& operator=(const String& s)
{
operator=(s.ptr);
return *this;
}
//运算符重载函数 = 拷贝赋值运算
String& operator=(const char* s)
{
delete[] ptr;
len = strlen(s);
ptr = new char[len+1]{'\0'};
strcpy(ptr, s);
return *this;
}
//操作符重载函数 < 判断字符串的字典序
bool operator<(const String& s)
{
return operator<(s.ptr);
}
//操作符重载函数 < 判断字符串的字典序
bool operator<(const char* s)
{
int ret = strcmp(ptr, s);
return ret < 0;
}
//返回字符串首字符地址
const char* c_str()
{
return ptr;
}
private:
int len;
char* ptr;
};
//重载操作符<<,用于输出类的实例
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const String& s)
{
out << s.ptr;
return out;
}
//重载操作符>>, 用于输入类的实例
istream& operator>>(istream& in, String& s)
{
char* buf = new char[2048]{'\0'};
cin >> buf;
s.operator=(buf);
delete[] buf;
return in;
}
int main()
{
String s("hello");
cout << "s = " << s << endl;
String s1 = s;
cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
cout << "s1+ moring = " << s1 + " moring" << endl;
String s2;
cout << "Input s2 : ";
cin >> s2;
cout << "s2 = : " << s2 << endl;
String s3 = s1+ s2 ;
cout << "s1+s2 = " << s3 << endl;
String s4 = "hello world";
cout << "s4 = " << s4 << endl;
String s5 = s4 - s1;
cout << "s4-s1 = " << s5 << endl;
cout << "s4-h = " << s4 - "h" << endl;
bool b1 = s2 < s1;
cout << "b1 = " << b1 << endl;
bool b2 = s1 < "z";
cout << "b2 = " << b2 << endl;
bool b3 = s1 < "a";
cout << "b3 = " << b3 << endl;
}