基于GTID的 故障切换

数据库状态

主库1：192.168.1.246:3306  
从库1：192.168.1.246:3307  
从库2：192.168.1.246:3308  

主库1
(root:127.0.0.1:3306) [db3306]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                         |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |     2464 |              |                  | d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:1-12 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
从库1
(root:127.0.0.1:3307) [test]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                                                                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 |     2449 |              |                  | 6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4,
d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:1-12 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
从库2
(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                       |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 |      426 |              |                  | d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:11 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------------+

此时从库2与主库落后一个事物，并且3307本身做过一些操作产生了自己的GTID--6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4

假设此时主库故障，从库1选为新主库，从库2复制，并不需要从库1产生的GTID--6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4的事物，
操作如下：

(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> reset master ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> set global gtid_purged='6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4,d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:1-11';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                                                                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 |      154 |              |                  | 6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4,
d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:1-11 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+


(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> CHANGE MASTER TO  
    ->     MASTER_HOST = '192.168.1.246',  
    ->     MASTER_PORT = 3307,  
    ->     MASTER_USER = 'repl',  
    ->     MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl',  
    ->     MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;  
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

(root:127.0.0.1:3308) [test]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.246
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2449
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 686
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 2449
              Relay_Log_Space: 927
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 10153307
                  Master_UUID: 6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:12
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 6e71bd59-4a97-11e7-ad35-0800271d97b5:1-4,
d023f67f-4a90-11e7-9eff-0800271d97b5:1-12
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)