java鬼混笔记：Hibernate：1、基本操作

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-15 16:43:13 发布

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-15 16:43:13 发布

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分类专栏： Hibernate 文章标签： Hibernate1基本操作 HQL SQL

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013845177/article/details/77148978

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鬼混后的知识点整理，第一节，简单的建一个，数据库是mysql,项目是maven的，说明也注释在代码里头，结构如下

主要知识点(简单例子，HQL操作，SQL操作)

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.ywj</groupId>
	<artifactId>TestHibernate</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>TestHibernate</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
		<!-- 加载Hibernate的jar -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>4.2.21.Final</version>
		</dependency>


		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
		<!-- 加载Mysql的驱动jar -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.21</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

hibernate.cfg.xml:（hiberante配置文件，主要作用是配置数据库）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- DB连接四要素 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testhibernate?rewriteBatchedStatements=true</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">123</property>

		<!-- 方言 -->
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
		
		<!-- 自动建表 -->
		<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

		<!-- 显示SQL -->
		<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
		
		<!-- 批量插入50条释放内存 -->
		<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">50</property>

		<!-- 注册映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="com/ywj/TestHibernate/e/User.hbm.xml" />
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

log4j.properties：（日志）

log4j.rootLogger = INFO,STDOUT,WARN

log4j.appender.STDOUT = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.STDOUT.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p [%c] - %m %n %l 


log4j.appender.WARN = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.WARN.File = D:/logs/log.log
log4j.appender.WARN.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.WARN.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p [%c] - %m %n %l 

log4j.appender.INFO = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.INFO.File = D:/logs/log.log
log4j.appender.INFO.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.INFO.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p [%c] - %m %n %l

User.java：（一个对象，也就是一个表，对象的属性(id,name...)也就是表的字段来着）

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.e;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6277707106263340356L;

	public User() {}
	
	public User(Long id, String name) {
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	private Long id;
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
	private Date birthday;
	private String idNumber;
	
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public String getIdNumber() {
		return idNumber;
	}
	public void setIdNumber(String idNumber) {
		this.idNumber = idNumber;
	}
	
}

User.hbm.xml:（对象配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ywj.TestHibernate.e">
	<class name="User" table="User" >
		<id name="id" column="id">
			<generator class="identity" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"/><!-- name：对应对象User的属性name column:对应数据库的列  type:对应对象User.name的类型（JAVA的类型）  下面的一样-->
		<property name="age" column="age" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
		<property name="birthday" column="birthday" type="java.util.Date"/>
		<property name="idNumber" column="idNumber" type="java.lang.String"/>
		<!-- 　如果字段名和数据库的关键字一样的话，要在column中加入[]如下面
		<property name="type" column="[type]" type="java.lang.Integer"/> -->		 
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

HibernateUtils.java:

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

// 工具类，只在是创建session, sessionFactory太重了，一开始就创建了，单例模式不用每次都创建，这里用的是hibernate4
public class HibernateUtils {

	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
	private static ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();

	static {

		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
		ServiceRegistry resgistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(resgistry);

	}

	//　创建session
	public static Session openSession() {
		return sessionFactory.openSession();
	}

	// 获取session

	public static Session getCurrentSession() {

		Session session = threadLocal.get();
		if (session == null) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
			threadLocal.set(session);
		}
		return session;

	}
}

Test.java:(基本操作)

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.User;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		
		// 添加
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
		Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
		
		/*try {
			User user = new User();
			user.setName("ywj3");
			user.setAge(1);
			user.setBirthday(new Date());
			user.setIdNumber("IN12345");
			session.save(user);
			ts.commit();// 提交事务
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// 异常回滚
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}*/
		
		// 批量添加，修改也可以这个样子
		/*try {
			
			User user = null;
			for(int i = 0;i<50;i++) {
				
				user = new User();
				user.setName("ywj"+i);
				user.setAge(1);
				user.setBirthday(new Date());
				user.setIdNumber("ID"+i);
				session.save(user);
				if (i/20 == 0) {// 第20个就清空一下缓存
				    session.flush();
				    session.clear();
				}
			}
			// 清空最后的缓存
			session.flush();
		    session.clear();
			ts.commit();// 提交事务
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// 异常回滚
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}*/
		
		// 查询
		/*Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try {
			
			 * load获取对象 在没有调用对象任何属性时， 是不是会查询数据库的 比如只执行User user = (User) session.load(User.class, 2L);这行代码时，控制台是不会有输出查询SQL的 也就是没有去查询
			 * 当执行了 System.out.println("name:"+user.getName()); 时，用到了user.name属性时，才去查询的
			 
			User user = (User) session.load(User.class, 2L);// 2L是数据库里对应的ID
			System.out.println("name:"+user.getName());
			
			// get获取对象 直接到数库里去查询
			User user2 = (User) session.get(User.class, 2L);
			System.out.println("name:"+user2.getName());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}*/
		
		// 修改
		/*Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try {
			User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 2L);
			user.setName("ywj2");
			session.update(user);
			ts.commit();// 提交事务
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// 异常回滚
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}*/
		
		// 删除
		/*Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try {
			User user = new User();
			user.setId(2L);
			session.delete(user);
			ts.commit();// 提交事务
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// 异常回滚
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}*/
	}

}

TestHQL.java（HQL操作）

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SQLQuery;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.User;

public class TestHQL {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// HQL 查询全部
		String HQL = " from User ";// 注意 这里的User就类名 不是数据库表名
		
		Session session = null;
		Transaction ts = null;
		try {
		
			session = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
			ts = session.beginTransaction();
			
			List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
			
			/*Query query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			list = query.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()) {
				for(User user : list) {
					System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName());
				}
			}*/
			
			// 带参数查询
			/*HQL = " from User where id = ? and name = ? ";// User是类名  这里的id和name写法和数据字段名一样(对比1)
			HQL = " from User user where user.id = ? and user.name = ? ";// User是类名 这里用了别名 user,注意这里的id和name写法和 User属性id,name一样而不是数据库字段名(对比1)
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.setParameter(0, 1L);// 第一个？
			query.setParameter(1, "ywj3");// 第二个？
			
			list = query.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()) {
				for(User user : list) {
					System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName());
				}
			}*/
			
			// 带参数查询2
			/*HQL = " from User where id = :id and name = :name ";
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.setParameter("id", 1L);// 对应:id
			query.setParameter("name", "ywj3");// 对应:name 
			
			list = query.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()) {
				for(User user : list) {
					System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName());
				}
			}*/
			
			// 带参数查询 （in）
			/*List<Object> ids = new ArrayList<Object>();
			ids.add(1L);
			ids.add(2L);
			
			HQL = " from User where id in (:id) ";
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.setParameterList("id", ids);
			
			list = query.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()) {
				for(User user : list) {
					System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName());
				}
			}*/
			// 查询部分属性 前提是要有这个构造方法User(id,name)
			/*HQL = " select new com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.User(id,name) from User ";
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);

			list = query.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()) {
				for(User user : list) {
					System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName()+"..."+user.getIdNumber());
				}
			}*/
		
			// 分页
			/*HQL = " from User";
			Query query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.setFirstResult(2);// 从第几个开始查起，这里是从第2+1条记录开始查起
			query.setMaxResults(5);// 要查多少条
			list = query.list();
			for(User user : list) {
				System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName()+"..."+user.getIdNumber());
			}*/
			
			// 返回唯一
			/*HQL = " from User where id = 3";
			Query query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			User user = (User) query.uniqueResult();
			System.out.println("..."+user.getId()+" "+user.getName()+"..."+user.getIdNumber());*/
		
			// 返回数量
			/*HQL = "select count(*) from User";
			Query query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			List<Object> ob = query.list();
			System.out.println(Long.valueOf(ob.get(0).toString()));*/
			
			// 更新
			/*HQL = "update User set name = 'name' where id = 1 ";
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.executeUpdate();
			ts.commit();// 单个执行要加上
			*/
			// 删除 
			/*HQL = "delete from  User where id = 1 ";
			query = session.createQuery(HQL);
			query.executeUpdate();
			ts.commit();
			*/
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			if(session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}

}

TestSQL.java：（SQL操作）

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;


import java.util.List;


import org.hibernate.SQLQuery;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;


import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.User;


public class TestSQL {


	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {


		Session session = null;
		Transaction ts = null;
		try {
		
			session = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
			ts = session.beginTransaction();
			// 查询返回对象
			/*String sql = "select * from user";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql).addEntity(User.class);// 对象
			List<User> list = sqlQuery.list();
			if(!list.isEmpty()){// 后面代码就不做判断了 省点事 实际是要判断的
				for(User u : list) {
					System.out.println(u.getName());
				}
			}*/
			
			// 查询返回带参数
			/*String sql = "select * from user where id = ?";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql).addEntity(User.class);// 对象
			sqlQuery.setParameter(0, 3);
			List<User> list = sqlQuery.list();
			for(User u : list) {
				System.out.println(u.getName());
			}*/


			// 查询返回List<Map>
			/*String sql = "select name,age from user";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);
			sqlQuery.setResultTransformer(CriteriaSpecification.ALIAS_TO_ENTITY_MAP);
			List<Map<String, Object>> list = sqlQuery.list();
			*/


			// 查询返回部分字段
			/*String sql = "select name,age from user";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);// 不加 addEntity(User.class) 返回的是list<Object[]>格式
			List<Object[]> list = sqlQuery.list();
			for(Object[] obj : list) {
				System.out.println(obj[0]+":"+obj[1]);
			}*/
			
			// 查询返回一个字段
			/*String sql = "select name from user";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);// 单个字段返回的是List<Object> 
			List<Object> list = sqlQuery.list();
			for(Object obj : list) {
				System.out.println(obj);
			}*/
			
			// 返回数量
			/*String sql = "select count(*) from user";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);// 单个字段返回的是List<Object> 
			List<Object> list = sqlQuery.list();
			System.out.println(list.get(0));*/
			
			// 添加
			/*
			String sql = "insert into user (name,age,birthday,idNumber) values (?,?,?,?)";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);
			sqlQuery.setParameter(0, "name");// 第一个问号
			sqlQuery.setParameter(1, 1);// 第二个问号
			sqlQuery.setParameter(2, new Date());// 第三个问号
			sqlQuery.setParameter(3, "123");// 第四个问号
			sqlQuery.executeUpdate();
			ts.commit();*/
			
			//修改
			/*String sql = "update user set name = ? where id = ? ";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);
			sqlQuery.setParameter(0, "nameup");// 第一个问号
			sqlQuery.setParameter(1, 2);// 第一个问号
			sqlQuery.executeUpdate();
			ts.commit();*/
			
			// 删除
			/*String sql = "delete from  user where id = ?";
			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery(sql);
			sqlQuery.setParameter(0, 4);// 第一个问号
			sqlQuery.executeUpdate();
			ts.commit();*/
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			ts.rollback();
		} finally {
			if(session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}


}