java鬼混笔记：Hibernate：3、一对一关系之外键单向和双向关联

最新推荐文章于 2021-01-19 02:06:03 发布

最新推荐文章于 2021-01-19 02:06:03 发布

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分类专栏： Hibernate 文章标签： hibernate 一对一外键关联单向关联双向关联

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013845177/article/details/77345333

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这次的笔记是一对一外键关联，包含单向和双向，用人和身份证来举例，一个人一个身份证。直接上代码，代码里头有注释说明。gogogo

单向关联：(person有card,card中没有person)

Person.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.e;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Person implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -3189538608590684635L;

	private Long id;
	private String name;
	private Card card;
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Card getCard() {
		return card;
	}
	public void setCard(Card card) {
		this.card = card;
	}	
}

Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ywj.TestHibernate.e">
	<class name="Person" table="person" >
		<id name="id" column="id">
			<generator class="identity" /><!-- 自增长 外键关联了， 和主键id没关系 -->
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"/>
		<!-- 这里用many-to-one，对多一，但是这个多对一要设置成独立的，独立了也是就意味着只有一个person对应一个card -->
		<many-to-one  name="card"  column="card" unique="true" cascade="all" fetch="join"/>

		<!-- unique="true":person表中的字段card是独立的唯一的，对应card表中的ID -->
		<!-- 
		fetch="join" 的意思是当我查询person表时，它会left join card 表去查询,同时加载card表信息，就只执行一条sql,也就是查询person或者通过person查询card要1条sql 但是lazy懒加载会失效
		fetch="select" 的意思是当我查询person表时，它只查person表，当我们从person中获取card时他会重新执行一条sql 去从card表中查一次。也就是通过person查询card要2条sql -->
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Card.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.e;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Card implements Serializable{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5451125658782668299L;

	private Long id;
	private String number;
	
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getNumber() {
		return number;
	}
	public void setNumber(String number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
}

Card.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ywj.TestHibernate.e">

	<!--普通的创建就行-->
	<class name="Card" table="card" >
		<id name="id" column="id">
			<generator class="identity" />
		</id>
		<property name="number" column="number" type="java.lang.String"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Test.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.Card;
import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.Person;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Session s = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
		Transaction t  = null;
		
		try {
			
			t = s.beginTransaction();
			// 添加
			/*Card c = new Card();
			c.setNumber("xxxxxxxxxxxx");
			
			Person p = new Person();
			p.setName("name");
			p.setCard(c);
			
			s.save(p);
			s.save(c);
			
			t.commit();*/
			// 查询
			/*Person p = (Person) s.load(Person.class, 1L);
			System.out.println(p.getName());
			
			Card c = p.getCard();
			System.out.println(c.getNumber());*/
			
			//删除　连card也删除 因为person.hbm.xml配置了cascade="all",person的任何的操作都会影响表card
			/*Person p = (Person) s.load(Person.class, 2L);
			s.delete(p);
			t.commit();*/
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			t.rollback();
		} finally {
			s.close();
		}
		
	}

}

接下来是

双向关联

Person.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.e;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Person implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -3189538608590684635L;

	private Long id;
	private String name;
	private Card card;
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Card getCard() {
		return card;
	}
	public void setCard(Card card) {
		this.card = card;
	}	
}

Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ywj.TestHibernate.e">
	<class name="Person" table="person" >
		<id name="id" column="id">
			<generator class="identity" /><!-- 自增长 外键关联了， 和主键id没关系 -->
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"/>
		<!-- 问题来了， 这里和一对一主键关联不一样，这里用many-to-one，对多一，但是这个多对一要设置成独立的，独立了也是就意味着只有一个person对应一个card -->
		<many-to-one  name="card"  column="card" unique="true"/><!-- unique="true":person表中的字段是独立的，对应card表中的ID -->
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Card.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.e;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Card implements Serializable{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5451125658782668299L;

	private Long id;
	private String number;
	private Person person;
	
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getNumber() {
		return number;
	}
	public void setNumber(String number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
	public Person getPerson() {
		return person;
	}
	public void setPerson(Person person) {
		this.person = person;
	}
}

Card.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ywj.TestHibernate.e">
	<class name="Card" table="card" >
		<id name="id" column="id">
			<generator class="identity" />
		</id>
		<property name="number" column="number" type="java.lang.String"/>
		<!-- 
		card这里使用one-to-one 证明和person是一对一的，核心是property-ref="card",
		意思是card怎么和person形成一对一？card是通过person(class="Person")来找到person.card属性（property-ref="card" ：参照person中的card属性，这个有点像spring...）
		 -->
		<one-to-one name="person" class="Person" property-ref="card"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Test.java

package com.ywj.TestHibernate.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.Card;
import com.ywj.TestHibernate.e.Person;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Session s = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
		Transaction t  = null;
		
		try {
			
			t = s.beginTransaction();
			// 添加
			/*Card c = new Card();
			c.setNumber("xxxxxxxxxxxx");
			
			Person p = new Person();
			p.setName("name");
			p.setCard(c);
			
			s.save(p);
			s.save(c);
			
			t.commit();*/
			// 查询
			/*Person p = (Person) s.load(Person.class, 1L);
			System.out.println(p.getName());
			Card c = p.getCard();
			System.out.println(c.getNumber());
			
			System.out.println("");
			
			Card c2 = (Card) s.load(Card.class, 3L);
			System.out.println(c2.getNumber());
			System.out.println(c2.getPerson().getName());*/


			//删除　连card也删除 因为person.hbm.xml配置了cascade="all",person的任何的操作都会影响表card
			/*Person p = (Person) s.load(Person.class, 2L);
			s.delete(p);
			t.commit();*/
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			t.rollback();
		} finally {
			s.close();
		}
		
	}

}