python之旅-----函数与类

1. 定义函数

def greet_user():
    """显示简单的问好"""
    print("hello")
greet_user()

2. 参数传递

#以位置顺序来确定实参和形参的对应关系
def greet_user(name,age):
    """显示简单的问好"""
    print("hello!  "+ name)
    print("your age is "+ age)
greet_user("yanglujian","27")

#关键字来确定参数传递的关系
def greet_user(name,age):
    """显示简单的问好"""
    print("hello!  "+ name)
    print("your age is "+ age)
greet_user(name="yanglujian",age="27")

#参数默认值
def greet_user(name,age="25"):
    """显示简单的问好"""
    print("hello!  "+ name)
    print("your age is "+ age)
greet_user(name="yanglujian",age="27")
greet_user(name="wanglinbin")

#有返回的函数
def greet_user(name,age="25"):
    """显示简单的问好"""
    print("hello!  "+ name)
    print("your age is "+ age)
    return "hello  "+ name + "  age:"+ age
greet_user(name="yanglujian",age="27")
print(greet_user(name="wanglinbin"))

#数据结构作为参数传递,值传递
users = ['yanglujian','wanglinbin','taojinchen']
users2 = users[:]
def greet_users(usrs):
    for usr in usrs:
        print("hello "+ usr)
    usrs[0] = "new element"
greet_users(users[:])  # 将队列复制一份在将副本的引用传入函数
print(users)
print(users2)

#数据结构作为参数传递,引用传递
users = ['yanglujian','wanglinbin','taojinchen']
def greet_users(usrs):
    for usr in usrs:
        print("hello "+ usr)
    users[0] = "new element"
greet_users(users)
print(users)

# 将任意长度参数传入
def greet_user(*names):
    """显示简单的问好"""
    for name in names:
        print("hello  "+ name)

greet_user("yanglujian","wanglinbin",'taojincheng')

3. 模块化

#导入另外模块的函数，并且将导入的函数在该模块中重命名
from greet import greet_user as  hello

hello("yanglujian","wanglinbin","taojincheng")

#导入另外模块，并且将该模块重命名
import greet as hello

hello.greet_user("yanglujian","wanglinbin","taojincheng")
hello.greet_anmail("杨","鉴定","你好吗")