valgrind使用

1. ==2326== Memcheck, a memory error detector
2. ==2326== Copyright (C) 2002-2009, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
3. ==2326== Using Valgrind-3.5.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
4. ==2326== Command: ./a.out
5. ==2326==
6. /* 这里检测到了动态内存的越界，提示Invalid write。*/
7. ==2326== Invalid write of size 2
8. ==2326== at 0x80484B4: mem_overrun1 (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
9. ==2326== by 0x8048553: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
10. ==2326== Address 0x40211f0 is 0 bytes inside a block of size 1 alloc'd
11. ==2326== at 0x4005BDC: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:195)
12. ==2326== by 0x80484AD: mem_overrun1 (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
13. ==2326== by 0x8048553: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
14. ==2326==

 /* 这里检测到了double free问题，提示Invalid Free  */

1. ==2326== Invalid free() / delete / delete[]
2. ==2326== at 0x40057F6: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:325)
3. ==2326== by 0x8048514: mem_double_free (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
4. ==2326== by 0x804855D: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
5. ==2326== Address 0x4021228 is 0 bytes inside a block of size 1 free'd
6. ==2326== at 0x40057F6: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:325)
7. ==2326== by 0x8048509: mem_double_free (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
8. ==2326== by 0x804855D: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
9. ==2326==
10. 
    
11. /* 这里检测到了未初始化变量 */
12. ==2326== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s)
13. ==2326== at 0x40057B6: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:325)
14. ==2326== by 0x804853C: mem_free_wild_pointer (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
15. ==2326== by 0x8048562: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
16. ==2326==

 /* 这里检测到了非法是否野指针 */

1. ==2326== Invalid free() / delete / delete[]
2. ==2326== at 0x40057F6: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:325)
3. ==2326== by 0x804853C: mem_free_wild_pointer (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
4. ==2326== by 0x8048562: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
5. ==2326== Address 0x4021228 is 0 bytes inside a block of size 1 free'd
6. ==2326== at 0x40057F6: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:325)
7. ==2326== by 0x8048509: mem_double_free (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
8. ==2326== by 0x804855D: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
9. ==2326==
10. ==2326==
11. /* 
12. 这里检测到了文件指针资源的泄露，下面提示说有4个文件描述符在退出时仍是打开的。
13. 描述符0,1,2无需关心，通过报告，可以发现程序中自己明确打开的文件描述符没有关闭。
14. */
15. ==2326== FILE DESCRIPTORS: 4 open at exit.
16. ==2326== Open file descriptor 3: test.txt
17. ==2326== at 0x68D613: __open_nocancel (in /lib/libc-2.12.so)
18. ==2326== by 0x61F8EC: __fopen_internal (in /lib/libc-2.12.so)
19. ==2326== by 0x61F94B: fopen@@GLIBC_2.1 (in /lib/libc-2.12.so)
20. ==2326== by 0x8048496: mem_leak2 (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
21. ==2326== by 0x804854E: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
22. ==2326==
23. ==2326== Open file descriptor 2: /dev/pts/4
24. ==2326== <inherited from parent>
25. ==2326==
26. ==2326== Open file descriptor 1: /dev/pts/4
27. ==2326== <inherited from parent>
28. ==2326==
29. ==2326== Open file descriptor 0: /dev/pts/4
30. ==2326== <inherited from parent>
31. ==2326==
32. ==2326==
33. /* 堆信息的总结：一共调用4次alloc，4次free。之所以正好相等，因为上面有一函数少了free，有一个函数多了一个free */
34. ==2326== HEAP SUMMARY:
35. ==2326== in use at exit: 353 bytes in 2 blocks
36. ==2326== total heap usage: 4 allocs, 4 frees, 355 bytes allocated
37. ==2326==
38. /* 检测到一个字节的内存泄露 */
39. ==2326== 1 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 2
40. ==2326== at 0x4005BDC: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:195)
41. ==2326== by 0x8048475: mem_leak1 (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
42. ==2326== by 0x8048549: main (in /home/fgao/works/test/a.out)
43. ==2326==
44. /* 内存泄露的总结 */
45. ==2326== LEAK SUMMARY:
46. ==2326== definitely lost: 1 bytes in 1 blocks
47. ==2326== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
48. ==2326== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
49. ==2326== still reachable: 352 bytes in 1 blocks
50. ==2326== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
51. ==2326== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
52. ==2326== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-reachable=yes
53. ==2326==
54. ==2326== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
55. ==2326== Use --track-origins=yes to see where uninitialised values come from
56. ==2326== ERROR SUMMARY: 5 errors from 5 contexts (suppressed: 12 from 8)