Kotlin学习之声明变量和值

在Kotlin中，一切都是对象。所以，所有变量也都是对象（也就是说，任何变量都是根据引用类型来使用的）

Kotlin的变量分为var(可变的)、val(不可变的)

var 是可写的，在它生命周期中可以被多次赋值；

val 是只读的，仅能一次赋值，后面就不能被重新赋值。

package com.zhoujian.kotlindemo

import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.util.Log

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        var a = 1
        a = 2
        Log.i("zhoujian", "a=" + a);
        Log.i("zhoujian", "a::class=" + a::class);
        Log.i("zhoujian", "a::class.java=" + a::class.java);

        Log.i("zhoujian", "-----------------------------------------------------------------1");

        var x = 5
        x += 1
        Log.i("zhoujian", "x=" + x);


        Log.i("zhoujian", "-----------------------------------------------------------------2");


        val b = "a"
        Log.i("zhoujian", "b=" + b);
        Log.i("zhoujian", "b::class=" + b::class);
        Log.i("zhoujian", "b::class.java=" + b::class.java);

        Log.i("zhoujian", "-----------------------------------------------------------------3");


        val c: Int = 1 //立即赋值
        val d = 2  //自动推断出Int类型
        Log.i("zhoujian", "c=" + c);
        Log.i("zhoujian", "d=" + d);

    }
}

打印结果：

06-11 17:08:26.646 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: a=2
06-11 17:08:26.648 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: a::class=int (Kotlin reflection is not available)
06-11 17:08:26.648 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: a::class.java=int
06-11 17:08:26.648 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: -----------------------------------------------------------------1
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: x=6
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: -----------------------------------------------------------------2
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: b=a
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: b::class=class java.lang.String (Kotlin reflection is not available)
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: b::class.java=class java.lang.String
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: -----------------------------------------------------------------3
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: c=1
06-11 17:08:26.649 20019-20019/? I/zhoujian: d=2