arm64汇编学习 - （5）比较跳转指令2

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1 基本跳转指令

1.1 B

Branch causes an unconditional branch to a label at a PC-relative offset, with a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return.

26-bit signed PC-relative branch offset variant

B <label>

Decode for this encoding

  bits(64) offset = SignExtend(imm26:'00', 64);

Assembler symbols

• Is one of the standard conditions, encoded in the “cond” field in the standard way.
• Is the program label to be unconditionally branched to. Its offset from the address of this instruction, in the range +/-128MB, is encoded as “imm26” times 4.

1.2 BR

Branch to Register branches unconditionally to an address in a register, with a hint that this is not a subroutine return.

Integer variant

BR <Xn>

Decode for this encoding

 integer n = UInt(Rn); 

Assembler symbols
Is the 64-bit name of the general-purpose register holding the address to be branched to, encoded in the “Rn” field.

Operation

bits(64) target = X[n]; 
BranchTo(target, BranchType_INDIR);

2 有条件跳转指令B.cond

Branch conditionally to a label at a PC-relative offset, with a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return.

19-bit signed PC-relative branch offset variant

B.<cond> <label>

Decode for this encoding

 bits(64) offset = SignExtend(imm19:'00', 64); 

Assembler symbols

• Is one of the standard conditions, encoded in the “cond” field in the standard way.
• Is the program label to be conditionally branched to. Its offset from the address of this instruction, in the range +/-1MB, is encoded as “imm19” times 4.

3 带返回地址的跳转指令

3.1 bl

Branch with Link branches to a PC-relative offset, setting the register X30 to PC+4. It provides a hint that this is a subroutine call.

26-bit signed PC-relative branch offset variant

BL <label>

Decode for this encoding

 bits(64) offset = SignExtend(imm26:'00', 64);

Assembler symbols

• Is the program label to be unconditionally branched to. Its offset from the address of this instruction, in the range +/-128MB, is encoded as “imm26” times 4.

Operation

X[30] = PC[] + 4; 

BranchTo(PC[] + offset, BranchType_DIRCALL);

3.2 BLR

Branch with Link to Register calls a subroutine at an address in a register, setting register X30 to PC+4.

Integer variant

BLR <Xn>

Decode for this encoding

 integer n = UInt(Rn); 

Assembler symbols
Is the 64-bit name of the general-purpose register holding the address to be branched to, encoded in the “Rn” field.

Operation

 bits(64) target = X[n]; 
X[30] = PC[] + 4; 
BranchTo(target, BranchType_INDCALL);

4 比较并跳转指令

4.1 cbnz

Compare and Branch on Nonzero compares the value in a register with zero, and conditionally branches to a label at a PC-relative offset if the comparison is not equal. It provides a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return.
This instruction does not affect the condition flags.

32-bit variant
Applies when sf == 0.

CBNZ <Wt>, <label>

64-bit variant
Applies when sf == 1.

CBNZ <Xt>, <label>

Operation

 bits(datasize) operand1 = X[t]; 
 
 if IsZero(operand1) == FALSE then 
 BranchTo(PC[] + offset, BranchType_DIR);

4.2 cbz

Compare and Branch on Zero compares the value in a register with zero, and conditionally branches to a label at a PC-relative offset if the comparison is equal. It provides a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return. This instruction does not affect condition flags.

32-bit variant
Applies when sf == 0.

CBZ <Wt>, <label>

64-bit variant
Applies when sf == 1.

CBZ <Xt>, <label>

Operation

 bits(datasize) operand1 = X[t]; 
 
 if IsZero(operand1) == TRUE then 
 BranchTo(PC[] + offset, BranchType_DIR);

4.1 tbnz

Test bit and Branch if Nonzero compares the value of a bit in a general-purpose register with zero, and conditionally branches to a label at a PC-relative offset if the comparison is not equal. It provides a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return. This instruction does not affect condition flags.

14-bit signed PC-relative branch offset variant

TBNZ <R><t>, #<imm>, <label>

Decode for this encoding

 integer t = UInt(Rt); 
 
 integer datasize = if b5 == '1' then 64 else 32; 
 integer bit_pos = UInt(b5:b40); 
 bits(64) offset = SignExtend(imm14:'00', 64);

Operation

 bits(datasize) operand = X[t]; 
 
 if operand<bit_pos> == op then 
 BranchTo(PC[] + offset, BranchType_DIR);

4.1 tbz

Test bit and Branch if Zero compares the value of a test bit with zero, and conditionally branches to a label at a PC-relative offset if the comparison is equal. It provides a hint that this is not a subroutine call or return. This instruction does not affect condition flags.

14-bit signed PC-relative branch offset variant

TBZ <R><t>, #<imm>, <label>

Decode for this encoding

 integer t = UInt(Rt); 
 
 integer datasize = if b5 == '1' then 64 else 32; 
 integer bit_pos = UInt(b5:b40); 
 bits(64) offset = SignExtend(imm14:'00', 64);

Operation

 bits(datasize) operand = X[t]; 
 
 if operand<bit_pos> == op then 
 BranchTo(PC[] + offset, BranchType_DIR);