apt-get -f install, No space left on device

cannot copy extracted data for ‘./boot/System.map-4.4.0-134-generic’ to ‘/boot/System.map-4.4.0-134-generic.dpkg-new’: failed to write (No space left on device)

$ df -h
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                         3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                        799M   80M  719M  10% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   90G   17G   69G  20% /
tmpfs                        3.9G  4.0K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                        5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs                        3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1                    472M  472M     0 100% /boot
tmpfs                        799M     0  799M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb1                    197G  100G   88G  54% /home/vdb1

可以看到，/boot的空间被用完了。
可能原因是系统尝试去安装多个版本的内核，而其实你只需要一个。

$ dpkg -l | grep linux | grep -E "(image|headers)" | awk '{print $1,$2}'
ii linux-base
iU linux-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-57
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-57-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-59
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-59-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-62
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-62-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-63
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-63-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-64
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-64-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-66
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-66-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-70
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-70-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-71
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-71-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-72
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-72-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-75
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-75-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-78
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-78-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-79
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-79-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-83
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-83-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-92
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-92-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-93
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-93-generic
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-98
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-98-generic
ii linux-headers-generic
rc linux-image-4.4.0-31-generic
rc linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic
rc linux-image-4.4.0-51-generic
rc linux-image-4.4.0-53-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-57-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-62-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-63-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-64-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-66-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-70-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-71-generic
ii linux-image-4.4.0-72-generic
iF linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic
iF linux-image-4.4.0-78-generic
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-47-generic
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-51-generic
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-53-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-57-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-62-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-63-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-64-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-66-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-70-generic
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-71-generic
iF linux-image-extra-4.4.0-72-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-78-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-79-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-83-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-92-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-93-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-96-generic
iU linux-image-extra-4.4.0-98-generic
iU linux-image-generic

以上列出了不同的内核版本。

$ uname -r

以上命令会显示你正在使用的内核版本信息。

然后，通过重复执行如下命令来删除不要的内核版本，当然，正在使用的内核版本不能删除。

$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-image{,-extra}-4.4.0-31-generic

然后，可以尝试再次执行$ sudo apt-get -f install了。